Ignition Delay Times of Composite Solid Propellants Using Novel Nano-Additive Catalysts

Demko, Andrew R.; Dillier, Catherine A.; Sammet, Thomas; Petersen, Eric L.; Reid, David L.; Seal, Sudipta

doi:10.2514/1.b36802

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The inclusion of metal oxides, such as iron oxide (Fe2O3) and titanium oxide (TiO2), in composite AP/HTPB propellants has been observed to increase the global burning rates [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. It is well documented in the literature that metal oxides enhance the thermal decomposition of AP [16].…”

Section: Metal Oxides In Solid Propellantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Burning Rate Characterization of Ammonium Perchlorate Pellets Containing Micro- and Nano-Catalytic Additives

Rodriguez

Thomas

Sammet

et al. 2022

Journal of Propulsion and Power

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ammonium perchlorate (AP) is an extensively used oxidizer in solid composite propellants, and its combustion behavior can be tailored by the presence of catalytic additives such as metal oxides. Nano-sized metal oxide catalysts have been utilized in place of their micro-sized counterparts to tailor burning rates of composite Ammonium Perchlorate (AP)/Hydroxyl-terminate Polybutadiene (HTPB) propellants. The effects of micro-and nano-sized metal oxide catalysts on the combustion of AP were investigated and thoroughly characterized herein.AP pellets were manufactured with micro-and nano-iron oxide (Fe2O3) and micro-and nano-titanium oxide (TiO2) at several mass loadings (0-3% by mass) and were burned from 3.45-34.5 MPa (500-5,000 psi) in a constant-volume strand bomb.Intimate contact between the AP and micro-or nano-catalysts was ensured using a Resonant Acoustic Mixer (RAM). The homogenous mixture of AP and catalyst was pressed into pellets using a Carver hydraulic press. The sides of the pellets were inhibited prior to burning to discourage side-wall burning.The incorporation of 1% µFe2O3 yielded the highest burning rate among all formulations herein within the investigated pressure range. The incorporation of nTiO2 and nFe2O3 yielded burning rates which were independent of mass loading within the range of evaluated conditions (0.25-1%). All micro-formulations investigated increase the burning rate at pressures ranging from roughly 13. 500 psi) and 4.50-8.60 MPa (650-1,250 psi) and for µTiO2 and µFe2O3, respectively; and these viii

show abstract

Section: Metal Oxides In Solid Propellantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The required masses for each formulation can be seen in Table 2. The densities for the materials used were as follows; 1.95, 5.24, and 4.23 g/cm 3 for the plain AP, Fe2O3, and TiO2 additives, respectively.…”

Section: Propellant Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burning Rate Characterization of Ammonium Perchlorate Pellets Containing Micro- and Nano-Catalytic Additives

Rodriguez

Thomas

Sammet

et al. 2022

Journal of Propulsion and Power

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Combustion catalysts often contain metal elements, which have relatively active electrons and are prone to change their valence state, and have abundant vacant orbitals [11][12]. In order to further improve the energy level of solid propellants, energetic catalysts have been widely studied [13][14][15][16][17]. Constructing energetic coordination compounds with imidazole as the ligand and combining them with metal ions and anions has great application potential [18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energetic transition metal complexes based on 1‐allylimidazole and nitrocyanamide: Syntheses, characterizations and catalytic performances on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

Yuan,

Huang,

et al. 2024

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To explore combustion catalysts for solid propellants, four novel energetic coordination compounds were prepared with the anion of nitrocyanamide (NCA) as the ligand and 1‐allyl‐imidazole (AIM) as the ligand, and transition metals Mn, Co, Ni, and Cu as the central ions. The structures of these compounds were [Mn(AIM)4] (NCA)2 (1), [Co(AIM)4](NCA)2 (2), [Ni(AIM)4](NCA)2 (3), [Cu(AIM)4](NCA)2 (4). The results showed that all of the compounds possessed high energy density, and compound 2 had a mass energy density (Eg) of 17.9 kJ g−1 and a volume energy density (Ev) of 25.59 kJ cm−3. The catalytic effect of these compounds on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) was studied using DSC. The addition of 5 % catalyst to AP samples advanced the high‐temperature decomposition temperature and significantly increased the heat release. Compound 4 exhibited the best catalytic performance, with an increased heat release of 1739 J g−1, decomposition temperature advanced by 88.2 °C, and activation energy reduced to 74.74 kJ mol−1. These results demonstrate the potential of these compounds as combustion catalysts for solid propellants.

show abstract

“…Medvedev et al [15,16] studied the dependence of the laser ignition energy threshold energy density on the sample density and dispersion using pulse laser and explained their results in terms of the thermal ignition theory. Demko et al [17] measured the ignition delay time at the pressure between 3.5 MPa and 15.5 MPa using a CO 2 laser igniter and studied the effect of novel nanoaddictive catalysts on the ignition delay time. Sivan et al [18] studied the diode-laser ignition of pyrotechnic mixtures and investigated the ignition delay time's dependence on laser intensity, combustion temperature, and composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Ignition Process and Characteristics of the Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether Propellant

Yan

Xia

Huang

et al. 2020

International Journal of Aerospace Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, a CO2 laser ignition experimental system was built to study the ignition process and characteristics of the Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether (NEPE) propellant. The effect of the energy density, ingredients, and the grain size distribution of the propellant on the ignition process was investigated using a CO2 laser igniter, a high-speed camera, and a tungsten-rhenium thermocouple. Four types of NEPE propellants were tested under different laser heat fluxes, and the ignition delay time, the ignition temperature, and the ignition energy were obtained. Experimental results show that the ignition process of the NEPE propellant can be divided into three stages, namely the first-gasification stage, the first-flame stage, and the ignition delay stage. When the energy density is lower than the ignition energy threshold, the ignition process cannot be achieved even under continuous energy loading. The increase of the energy density can lead to the decrease of the ignition delay time but has little effect on the ignition temperature. The ingredients and grain size distribution have great effects on both the ignition delay time and the ignition temperature. The grain size effect of aluminum is the largest compared with that of Ammonium Perchlorate (AP) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), while the grain size effect of AP is larger than that of HMX.

show abstract

Ignition Delay Times of Composite Solid Propellants Using Novel Nano-Additive Catalysts

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

Burning Rate Characterization of Ammonium Perchlorate Pellets Containing Micro- and Nano-Catalytic Additives

Burning Rate Characterization of Ammonium Perchlorate Pellets Containing Micro- and Nano-Catalytic Additives

Energetic transition metal complexes based on 1‐allylimidazole and nitrocyanamide: Syntheses, characterizations and catalytic performances on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

Study on the Ignition Process and Characteristics of the Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether Propellant

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About