IL-1α, IL-1β and TNF-α secretion during in vivo/ex vivo cellular interactions with titanium and copper

Relationship between microstructure, cytotoxicity and corrosion properties of a Cu–Al–Ni shape memory alloy

“…Thymocytes and splenocytes were chosen based on our recent results [23], which showed that these cells are more sensitive targets for biocompatibility testing of dental alloys and their extracts than L929 cells. We showed that the control alloy is very cytotoxic, results in line with already published results that Cubased alloys (depending on their composition) cause cell death in vitro and provoke local inflammatory reaction in vivo [7,[24][25][26]. Using a direct contact, transwell system (data not shown) and conditioning medium, we confirmed that the cytotoxicity of the control alloy is dependent on released metal ions.…”

“…One reason could be that many properties of Cu-Al-Ni, such as small reversible deformation due to the intergranular breakdown at low average stress levels [5,6], are inferior to those of Ni-Ti or Fe-based SMAs. The other important reason may be the prevalent belief that Cu-based alloys have toxic effects [7].…”

Early inflammatory response in soft tissues induced by thin calcium phosphates

“…6,7 In a rat soft-tissue model, materials that promoted a persistent inflammation also induced a greater peri-implant fibrous capsule than materials that stimulated an early, transient inflammatory response. 8,9 One of the earliest cell types to appear near the implant surface is the monocyte/macrophage. 10 The recruitment of the blood-borne precursors of macrophages, the monocytes, is mediated, at least in part, by the local release of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1).…”

Preferences of kanamycin A towards copper(II). Effect of the resulting complexes on immunological mediators production by human leukocytes

“…On the other hand, copper is necessary for their transcription in T-lymphocytes [38]. The plasma status of this metal was proved to influence the TNF balance [39] and, what is worth to note, even copper implants appeared to induce TNF, thus leading to acute and chronic inflammation or even necrosis [40].…”