IL-21 and Related Diseases

Niu, Xiaoyin; Chen, Guangjie

doi:10.4172/2155-9899.s1-008

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…In both systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, elevated IL-21 mRNA and plasma levels have been noted. 3 Furthermore, In trauma patients, a strong correlation between the mRNA and plasma levels of other inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin IL-6 and IL-10 has been shown. 45 The mRNA and protein plasma concentrations of IL-21 in SAP are elevated compared to those in MAP patients (Figure 1 and 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 The IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) is a novel class I cytokine receptor mediating its effect via a commongamma chain (γc). 2,3 As a result, IL-21 has significant homology to IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-13 and IL-15. 4 The IL-21R has been recognised on a variety of cells, namely CD4 + , CD8 +, and NK T-cells, dendritic cells as well as non-lymphoid tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 The IL-21R has been recognised on a variety of cells, namely CD4 + , CD8 +, and NK T-cells, dendritic cells as well as non-lymphoid tissues. 3 This implies that both the innate and adaptive immune systems may be influenced by IL-21.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transient Expression of Interleukin-21 in the Second Hit of Acute Pancreatitis May Potentiate Immune Paresis in Severe Acute Pancreatitis

Thomson

Nweke

Brand³

et al. 2019

Pancreas

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Objectives: Interleukin (IL)-21 is a cytokine associated with tissue inflammation, autoimmune and infectious diseases. Organ dysfunction and death can occur in patients with acute pancreatitis in two distinct clinical phases. Initially, a systemic inflammatory response syndrome which may be followed by systemic sepsis from infected pancreatic necrosis, known as the 'second hit'. The expression and possible role of IL-21 in acute pancreatitis has not been established. Methods: Thirty-six patients with mild, moderate and severe acute pancreatitis were enrolled. Peripheral blood samples of patients were drawn on days 7, 9, 11, and 13. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed to determine the expression and concentration of IL-21. Results: Interleukin-21 mRNA levels increased significantly at day 9 in severe (P = 0.002) pancreatitis compared to both the mild and control patient groups. At the protein level, IL-21 was elevated in severe acute pancreatitis patients compared to mild, although this was not significant. Furthermore, day 9 IL-21 was elevated in septic severe acute pancreatitis patients and patients with pancreatic necrosis. Conclusions: Interleukin-21 is transiently elevated in severe acute pancreatitis compared to the mild/moderate group and hence IL-21 may contribute to the immune imbalance that occurs in acute pancreatitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transient Expression of Interleukin-21 in the Second Hit of Acute Pancreatitis May Potentiate Immune Paresis in Severe Acute Pancreatitis

Thomson

Nweke

Brand³

et al. 2019

Pancreas

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“…IL‐21 is of particular interest in the context of RA. It is required for differentiation of naive human CD4+ T cells into Th17 cells and limits the differentiation of inducible regulatory T cells . Human studies have showed that the number of IL‐21 receptor positive cells significantly increases in inflamed synovial tissues of RA patients compared with controls and that IL‐21 enhances local T‐cell activation, proliferation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of rs6822844 within the KIAA1109/TENR/IL2/IL21 locus with rheumatoid arthritis in the Algerian population

Louahchi

Allam

Raaf

et al. 2016

HLA

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Increasing evidence suggests that the rs6822844, within KIAA1109/TENR/IL2/IL21 gene cluster on 4q27, is strongly associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the Caucasian population. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible association between the SNP rs6822844 and susceptibility to RA in the Algerian Maghreb population, and to explore the association with the clinical and immunological features of RA. The polymorphism rs6822844 was genotyped in 323 RA patients and 323 healthy individuals using the TaqMan assay. A strong association of IL2/IL21 with RA susceptibility was detected in the Algerian population [odds ratio (OR) = 2.57 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.74-3.83), P = 10(-4) ]. Our results revealed that IL2/IL21 predisposed to disease development in both autoantibody positive and negative disease. Meanwhile, the association was stronger in RA patients with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptides (ACPA) positive than those with ACPA negative [OR = 2.30 (95% CI 1.53-3.51), P = 10(-4) and OR = 1.98 (95% CI 1.01-4.22), P = 0.037, respectively]. Moreover, our findings showed a moderate association of the rs6822844 polymorphism with disease activity (P = 0.014). This study indicates for the first time that there is a strong association between IL2/IL21 rs6822844 variant and susceptibility to RA in the Algerian population, and that this association was independent from the autoantibodies status of RA patients.

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“…Jung and Guay describe the role of IL21 in SLE in this issue, reviewing data from both patients and several rodent models of disease [27]. As this issue focusses on cytokines at the interface of health and disease, Niu and Chen examine IL21 from the stand point of cancer clearance and autoimmunity [28]. In addition, Fourati et al present primary data examining genetic factors contributing to SLE in Tunisian patients [29].…”

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confidence: 99%