IL-35 expression in peripheral blood CD4+ T cells from chronic hepatitis B virus-infected patients directly correlates with virus load

Zhou, Yali; Zhang, Honghong; Li, Yumin

doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2015.02.003

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…There is no study regarding the relationship between IL‐35 and H. pylori infection. However, elevated levels of IL‐35 were reported in patients with hepatitis B virus infection, especially in those with higher viral load, in patients with active tuberculosis, in patients with leprosy, and in patients with malignant diseases . Furthermore, circulating levels of IL‐35 are aberrant in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), allergic asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune thrombocytopenia, periodontitis, and coronary artery diseases …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diminished circulating concentration of interleukin‐35 in Helicobacter pylori‐infected patients with peptic ulcer: Its association with FOXP3 gene polymorphism, bacterial virulence factor CagA, and gender of patients

et al. 2018

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diminished circulating concentration of interleukin‐35 in Helicobacter pylori‐infected patients with peptic ulcer: Its association with FOXP3 gene polymorphism, bacterial virulence factor CagA, and gender of patients

et al. 2018

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“…A direct correlation of effector T cell-related cytokines with an exacerbation of liver injuries has been reported (34, 35). Surprisingly, IL-35 levels were also increased in patients with a higher viral load (32), which indicated the inhibition of effector T cell function followed by increased viral replication. However, no correlation between the serum levels of TGF-β in CHB patients with different viral loads has been reported (20).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulation of Regulatory Cells’ Responses to Treatments for Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

2016

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BackgroundIdentification of effective treatments in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a controversial topic. Although the currently approved drugs for HBV control the disease’s progression and also limit associated outcomes, these drugs may not fully eradicate HBV infection. In addition to better managing patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection, the induction of seroclearance by these drugs has been a commonly discussed topic in recent years.ObjectivesIn this study, we focused on treating CHB infection via the manipulation of T cells’ responses to identify possible approaches to cure CHB.Materials and MethodsAll studies relevant to the role of cellular and humoral responses in HBV infection (especially regulatory cells) were investigated via a systematic search of different databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Considering extracted data and also our unpublished data regarding the association between regulatory cytokines and CHB, we introduced a novel approach for the induction of seroclearance.ResultsConsidering the increased levels of regulatory cytokines and also regulatory T cells (Tregs) during CHB, it seems that these cells are deeply involved in CHB infection. The inhibition of regulatory T cells may reverse the dysfunction of effector T cells in patients with CHB infection. In order to inhibit Tregs’ responses, different types of approaches could be employed to restore the impaired function of effector T cells. The blockade of IL-10, IL-35, CTLA-4, PD-1, and TIM-3 were discussed throughout this study. Regardless of the efficacy of these methods, CHB patients may experience serious liver injuries due to the cytotoxic action of CD8+ T cells. Antiviral therapy and a decrease in HBV DNA to undetectable levels could also significantly reduce the risk of the hepatitis B flare.ConclusionsThe inhibition of Tregs is a novel therapeutic approach to cure chronically HBV infected patients. However, further studies are needed to investigate the safety and efficacy of this approach.

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“…Consistent with these findings, others have shown that HBV infection can induce IL-35 expression. One report shows that IL-35 mRNA and protein are detectable in CD4 ϩ T cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B (55). Likewise, in patients chronically infected with HBV, CD4 ϩ T cells have significantly higher levels of EBI3 mRNA and protein compared with healthy individuals and patients in whom HBV infection had resolved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Expression and Antiviral Activity of Interleukin-35 in Response to Influenza A Virus Infection

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2016

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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IL-35 expression in peripheral blood CD4+ T cells from chronic hepatitis B virus-infected patients directly correlates with virus load

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Diminished circulating concentration of interleukin‐35 in Helicobacter pylori‐infected patients with peptic ulcer: Its association with FOXP3 gene polymorphism, bacterial virulence factor CagA, and gender of patients

Diminished circulating concentration of interleukin‐35 in Helicobacter pylori‐infected patients with peptic ulcer: Its association with FOXP3 gene polymorphism, bacterial virulence factor CagA, and gender of patients

Manipulation of Regulatory Cells’ Responses to Treatments for Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Gene Expression and Antiviral Activity of Interleukin-35 in Response to Influenza A Virus Infection

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