ILDAS2: From the Laboratory to Operations - Benefits and Performance of The In-Flight Lightning Damage Assessment System in Support of Flight Test Campaigns

Boer, A. de; Flourens, F.; Herve, A.; Bardet, M.; Boissin, J.F.

doi:10.1049/ic.2015.0198

Cited by 2 publications

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“…When a characteristic discharge signature is identified, the system stores the measurement data from all sensors, including the gamma ray sensors. E‐ and H‐field data are stored with a 12‐ns sampling interval for 1.2 s, while gamma ray data are stored with a 10‐ns sampling interval for 1.0 s. More details about ILDAS and its design can be found in Zwemmer et al (), de Boer et al (, , ), Stelmashuk et al. (, ), van Deursen and Stelmashuk (), and van Deursen ().…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

In‐Flight Observation of Positron Annihilation by ILDAS

et al. 2018

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We report a 511‐keV photon flux enhancement that was observed inside a thundercloud and is a result of positron annihilation. The observation was made with the In‐flight Lightning Damage Assessment System (ILDAS) on board of an A340 test aircraft. The aircraft was intentionally flying through a thunderstorm at 12‐km altitude over Northern Australia in January 2016. Two gamma ray detectors showed a significant count rate increase synchronously with fast electromagnetic field variations registered by an on‐board antenna. A sequence of 10 gamma ray enhancements was detected, each lasted for about 1 s. Their spectrum mainly consists of 511‐keV photons and their Compton component. The local electric activity during the emission was identified as a series of static discharges of the aircraft. A full‐scale Geant4 model of the aircraft was created to estimate the emission area. Monte Carlo simulation indicated that the positrons annihilated in direct vicinity or in the aircraft body.

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Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

In‐Flight Observation of Positron Annihilation by ILDAS

et al. 2018

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Constraints on Recoil Leader Properties Estimated from X‐ray Emissions in Aircraft‐Triggered Discharges

et al. 2020

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During Airbus aircraft campaigns flying into thunderstorms in 2014-2016, X-rays were observed during two stages of aircraft-triggered lightning: nanosecond pulses of X-rays associated with negative leader steps and bursts of X-rays during recoil events. This work will focus on the observations of X-ray bursts associated with recoils. Recoils are observed as microsecond-fast changes in the local electric field, associated with large currents passing through the aircraft, and are found to sometimes be associated with bursts of X-rays. From over 200 aircraft-triggered lightning strikes, 54 recoil events were found to be associated with microsecond bursts of X-rays. The majority of the bursts consist of 1-3 X-ray pulses, with some bursts containing as many as 29 X-ray pulses. We compare the observed superposed X-ray spectrum with modeled spectra using a GEANT4 model of the detector and aircraft, to determine the source potential needed to accelerate the electrons that produce the observed X-rays. A model of the recoil leader was made to determine the gap distance and gap potential between the recoil leader and the aircraft. From the modeling, we determine a solution space for the gap and leader lengths where the gap length is constrained by the observed minimum and maximum times between the onset of the X-ray pulses and the onset of the current pulses detected at the aircraft (1 to 93 m). We also find two constraints from the fitting of the modeled spectra to the superposed spectrum, limiting the leader length to between 1 and ∼240 m.

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ILDAS2: From the Laboratory to Operations - Benefits and Performance of The In-Flight Lightning Damage Assessment System in Support of Flight Test Campaigns

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

In‐Flight Observation of Positron Annihilation by ILDAS

In‐Flight Observation of Positron Annihilation by ILDAS

Constraints on Recoil Leader Properties Estimated from X‐ray Emissions in Aircraft‐Triggered Discharges

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