Illumination Optics in Emerging Naked-Eye 3d Display (Invited Review)

Abstract

Abstract-Illumination optics in emerging naked-eye 3D display, especially in time-spatial multiplexing, or directional backlight naked-eye 3D display system, is systematically examined. Key issues in directional backlight system include: 1) Directional transmission of the left-and right-eye images to the corresponding viewing zone with small crosstalk; 2) The luminance on the screen should be homogeneous even for the viewers moving around. In this paper, we propose an adaptive optimization solution based on root mean square (RMS) for the design of illumination optics of the naked-eye 3D system. Based on the designed free-form backlight illumination, the overall design schemes for both single-user and multi-user naked-eye 3D display are proposed and demonstrated. By utilizing the novel dynamic synchronized backlight technique, the temporal crosstalk is effectively brought into control. The display defects such as the dark bands appearing at the joints of the lens array or at the middle of the Fresnel lens are simulated numerically and tested experimentally, hence providing effective design guidelines for the optical components as well as their fabrication error tolerance. Additionally, we propose a continuous backlight technique to improve the luminance homogeneity. Furthermore, a quantitative evaluation mechanism for the moiré pattern based on the Fourier analysis method, by introducing the contrast sensitivity function (CSF), is presented. A novel arrangement of a quasirandom RGB sub-pixel array is proposed to reduce the visibility of moiré pattern. As a result, full HD glassless 3D display suitable for glassless virtual and augmented realities is demonstrated with an unprecedented display quality.

2.3: Evaluation and Reduction of Flicker with an AI Scheme in Autostereoscopic Displays

“…2, the signal from the left channel, indicated as a peak, and the noise resulting from the leakage, indicated as the weak peak, alternate at 120 Hz. [6] Moreover, the peak and the weak peak actually represent the left and the right frames of the screen refresh. It is obvious that both the brightness of the imaging light and the crosstalk light hardly change over time.…”

“…[2][3][4][5] On the contrary, the technology of directional backlight undoubtedly has unique potential for commercial application prospects with the advantages of high resolution, low crosstalk and large viewing volume. [6] Generally, the directional backlight autostereoscopy is essentially working as an optical system where the backlight, the focusing lens, and the human retina form an imaging system while the deviation of the backlight in respective to the retina will result in an intensity fluctuation felt by the human eyes. However, limited by the inherent latency existed in a CCD camera, computer processing and digital data transmission in a directional backlight system, the backlight is sometimes not synchronized with the location of the retina, which substantially gives rise to flicker.…”

12.2: An Ultra‐thin Directional Backlight Auto‐stereoscopic Display

“…Directional backlight auto-stereoscopic display as a novel technology has attracted extensive attentions and intensive research because of its great performance of full resolution, high brightness and wide viewing angle. [1][2] Because it is highly compatible with two-dimension display, which just There is great potential that this display system will be widely used in many fields instead of common 2D display in the future. However, the thickness of display system is one of main issues that hinders its commercial use.…”

Quantifying perceptual resolution for autostereoscopic three‐dimensional displays

“…6,7,12,13 This crosstalk is especially harmful to spoil the viewing experience for 3D not only because of providing wrong signals for each eye but also deteriorating the perceptual resolution. [11][12][13][14] While for the 3D display with directional backlight illumination, it claims to be able to retain the panel resolution for perceptual experience by separating the information in time domain [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] ; but no accurate calibration is performed. Therefore, a quantified evaluation of perceptual 3D resolution is necessary to be developed.…”