Image Gallery: Granulomatous dermatitis due to infection with the chlorophyllic green alga <i>Desmodesmus</i>

Fujimoto, Masakazu; Inaba, Yutaka; Takahashi, Tamiko; Nakanishi, Gen; Muraosa, Yasunori; Yahiro, Maki; Kamei, Katsuhiko; Si, Murata

doi:10.1111/bjd.17007

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…; [ 243 ]: Chlorella sp. ; [ 244 ]: Desmodesmus sp.). Although retrospectively difficult in some cases presented where “Chlorella sp.” was involved, from pictures obtained, it may be possible that Auxenochlorella protothecoides or a species of Myconastes may have been the etiologic agent.…”

Section: Pathogenic Algae and The Built Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most incidents of “algal infection” (“chlorellosis”) deep traumatic inoculation is almost always involved. Regarding the treatment of green algal infection (“chlorellosis”), the procedure is similar to the treatment of protothecosis with surgical measures and/or drug administration [ 243 , 244 , 246 ]. Algal infections ( Chlorella sp., Chlorochytrium sp., Scenedesmus sp., Cladophora sp.)…”

Section: Pathogenic Algae and The Built Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxic or Otherwise Harmful Algae and the Built Environment

Hofbauer

2021

Toxins

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This article gives a comprehensive overview on potentially harmful algae occurring in the built environment. Man-made structures provide diverse habitats where algae can grow, mainly aerophytic in nature. Literature reveals that algae that is potentially harmful to humans do occur in the anthropogenic environment in the air, on surfaces or in water bodies. Algae may negatively affect humans in different ways: they may be toxic, allergenic and pathogenic to humans or attack human structures. Toxin-producing alga are represented in the built environment mainly by blue green algae (Cyanoprokaryota). In special occasions, other toxic algae may also be involved. Green algae (Chlorophyta) found airborne or growing on manmade surfaces may be allergenic whereas Cyanoprokaryota and other forms may not only be toxic but also allergenic. Pathogenicity is found only in a special group of algae, especially in the genus Prototheca. In addition, rare cases with infections due to algae with green chloroplasts are reported. Algal action may be involved in the biodeterioration of buildings and works of art, which is still discussed controversially. Whereas in many cases the disfigurement of surfaces and even the corrosion of materials is encountered, in other cases a protective effect on the materials is reported. A comprehensive list of 79 taxa of potentially harmful, airborne algae supplemented with their counterparts occurring in the built environment, is given. Due to global climate change, it is not unlikely that the built environment will suffer from more and higher amounts of harmful algal species in the future. Therefore, intensified research in composition, ecophysiology and development of algal growth in the built environment is indicated.

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Section: Pathogenic Algae and The Built Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenic Algae and The Built Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic or Otherwise Harmful Algae and the Built Environment

Hofbauer

2021

Toxins

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“…These species belong to genera Prototheca Krüger, 1894 (Chlorellales: Chlorellaceae) and Chlorella Beyerinck, 1890 (Chlorellales: Chlorellaceae), and cause protothecosis and chlorellosis, respectively (these diseases can also be referred as "algaemia") [1][2][3]. In 2018, the only case of human infection with another microalga, Desmodesmus (Chodat) An, Friedl & Hegewald, 1999 (Sphaeropleales: Scenedesmaceae), was reported in Japan [4]. In terrestrial invertebrates, pathogenic Helicosporidium spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Impact of the Parasitic Microalgae Coccomyxa parasitica on the Health of Bivalve Modiolus kurilensis

Tumas,

Slatvinskaya,

Kumeiko

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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The invasion of bivalves by parasitic microalgae Coccomyxa is widespread and causes pathologies and dysfunctions of the organs, especially in the most valuable products: the mantle and the muscle. The pathogenesis of the disease remains completely unknown. In this study, based on a macroscopic examination of Modiolus kurilensis and microalgae count in each infected individual, four stages of disease development with characteristic pathognomonic symptoms were described. During the progression of the disease, the concentration of alkaline phosphatase, glucose, calcium, hemolytic and agglutinating activities, number of basophils, eosinophils, phagocytes, and cells with reactive oxygen species increased in the hemolymph, while number of agranulocytes, cells with lysosomes, dead hemocytes, total protein concentration, as well as the weight of mollusks decreased. In the nephridia and digestive gland, necrosis, invasion of Nematopsis sp., hemocyte infiltration, and fibrosis increased. The ratio of changed tubules and occurrence of granulocytomas increased in the digestive gland, while the base membrane, nephrocytes and concretions changed in the nephridia. This study helps establish the variability of these parameters under normal conditions and their alteration during the disease. Moreover, these findings can be used for veterinary monitoring of the state of bivalves in natural and aquaculture populations.

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