Imaging and biological function in health and disease

Hirsch, Joy

doi:10.1172/jci18702

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…There are several imaging techniques currently available for investigation of neurocognitive mechanisms and for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases (Hirsch, 2003). MRI is an anatomical imaging technique that is used to observe brain structures.…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Other Neuroimaging Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Neurocognitive Approach to the Study of Private Speech

Girbau

2007

Span. J. Psychol.

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The paper presents the current state of the art of research identifying the neurophysiological and neuroanatomical substrates of private speech, both in typical and clinical (or atypical) populations. First, it briefly describes the evolution of private speech research, which goes from classic traditions as the naturalistic and referential paradigms to the neurocognitive approach. An overview of the neurophysiological (e.g., event-related potentials or ERPs) and neuroimaging techniques (e.g., functional magnetic resonance imaging or fMRI) is also presented. The next three sections review empirical works about the neurocognitive basis of private speech, across three groups of techniques: ERPs; fMRI/MRI; and other neuroimaging techniques (positron emission tomography [PET], magnetoencephalogram [MEG], and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation [rTMS]). Such neurocognitive research analyzes the neural activity of individuals during a variety of task settings, including spontaneous and instructed overt and inner private speech use, subvocal verbalizations, and silent and overt reading. The fifth section focuses on electrophysiological and neuroimaging studies of private speech in atypical populations, for example: schizophrenia, pure alexia, hearing impairment, blindness, social phobia, alexithymia, Parkinson, and multiple sclerosis. The neurocognitive study of the various forms of private speech appears to be very promising in the understanding of these pathologies. Lastly, the advances and new challenges in the field are discussed. Keywords: private speech, neurocognition, neurolinguistics, psychopathologies, language disorders Este trabajo presenta el estado actual de la investigación que identifica los sustratos neurofisiológicos y neuroanatómicos del lenguaje privado, tanto en poblaciones típicas como en clínicas (o atípicas). Primero describe brevemente la evolución de la investigación del lenguaje privado, que van desde las tradiciones clásicas como los paradigmas naturalistas y referenciales al abordaje neurocognitivo. También se presenta una revisión de las técnicas neurofisiológicas (por ejemplo, potenciales relacionados con eventos o ERPs) y de neuroimagen (por ejemplo, imagen de resonancia magnética funcional o fMRI). Las siguientes tres secciones revisan los trabajos empíricos sobre la base neurocognitiva del lenguaje privado a través de tres grupos de técnicas: ERPs; fMRI/MRI; y otras técnicas de neuroimagen (tomografía de emisión de positrones [PET], magnetoencefalograma [MEG] y la estimulación magnética repetitiva transcraneal [rTMS]). Esta investigación neurocognitiva analiza la actividad neuronal de los individuos durante diversas tareas, incluyendo el uso del lenguaje privado espontáneo y observable bajo instrucciones y el lenguaje privado interno, las verbalizaciones subvocales y la lectura silenciosa y observable. La quinta sección se centra en los estudios electrofisiológicos y de neuroimágenes del lenguaje privado en poblaciones atípicas, por ejemplo, esquizofrenia, alexia pura, hipoacus...

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Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Other Neuroimaging Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Neurocognitive Approach to the Study of Private Speech

Girbau

2007

Span. J. Psychol.

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“…Three-dimensional images of anatomical structures must be accurately obtained for the zoomorphological requirements, and functional, developmental, comparative studies [25] . Additionally, the development of high resolution imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT facilitated to create a small animal model and anatomical evaluations [26][27][28][29][30] . Volumetric measurements of small organisms or non-living structures can be evaluated via the three-dimensional images obtained from CT [25] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Statistical Analysis of Some Volumetric Measurements in the Japanese Quails’ Head with Different Feather Color: A Computed Tomography Study

Duymuş¹,

Demiraslan²,

Akbulut³

et al. 2013

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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The aim of this study was to contribute to quail head morphology and the formation of basic data sources for comparative measurement in the quail head. In this study, 60 Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) heads, which were white, brown and wild type were used. Four different anatomical structures of the quail heads, varying in feather color, were measured manually by two independent radiologists. These anatomical structures were head volume (HV), brain volume (BV), parietooccipital air space volume (POAV) and calvarial bone volume (CBV). According to computed tomography (CT) measurements, the quail head with white feather color had the smallest volumetrical values. This condition is thought to be caused by genetic differences. Keywords: Computed Tomography, Japanese quail, Morphometry Farklı Tüy Renklerine Sahip Japon Bıldırcınlarının Başlarında Bazı Hacimsel Ölçülerin İstatistiksel Analizi: Bilgisayarlı Tomografi Çalışması ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı bıldırcın başlarında karşılaştırmalı ölçümler için temel veri kaynağı oluşturmak ve bıldırcın başı morfolojisine katkı sağlamaktı. Çalışmada beyaz, kahverengi ve yabani tip olmak üzere toplam 60 Japon bıldırcını başı kullanıldı. Farklı renklere göre bıldırcın başlarının dört farklı anatomik yapısı iki radyolog tarafından ölçüldü. Bu yapılar kafa hacmi, cavum cranii hacmi -beyin hacmi, parietooccipital hava alanı hacmi ve kafa kemikleri hacmi şeklindeydi. Bilgisayarlı Tomografi ölçülerine göre, beyaz tüy rengine sahip bıldırcın başının en küçük hacimsel değerlere sahip olduğu belirlendi. Bu duruma genetik farklılıkların neden olduğu düşünülmektedir.

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“…Innovations in biomedical imaging have greatly impacted biological research and the treatment and diagnosis of disease [1]. Standard imaging was developed to define structure; however, a growing number of techniques allow for measures of function.…”

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confidence: 99%