Imaging complex geologic structure with single‐arrival Kirchhoff prestack depth migration

Audebert, F.; Nichols, Dave; Rekdal, Thorbjørn; Biondi, Biondo; Lumley, David; Urdaneta, Hector

doi:10.1190/1.1444256

Cited by 63 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For example, prestack Kirchhoff migration with first arrivals does not always produce accurate (stacked) images in complex structure (Geoltrain and Brac, 1993;Gray and May, 1994). A number of authors have explored Kirchhoff migration with most energetic, as opposed to earliest, arrivals (Audebert et al, 1997). The examples presented by Operto et al (2000) suggest that even most energetic arrivals may not be sufficient to produce high quality images:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinematic artifacts in prestack depth migration

Stolk

Symes

2004

GEOPHYSICS

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Strong refraction of waves in the migration velocity model introduces kinematic artifacts -coherent events not corresponding to actual reflectors -into the image volumes produced by prestack depth migration applied to individual data bins. Because individual bins are migrated independently, the migration has no access to the bin component of slowness. This loss of slowness information permits events to migrate along multiple incident-reflected ray pairs, thus introducing spurious coherent events into the image volume. This pathology occurs for all common binning strategies, including common source, common offset, and common scattering angle. Since the artifacts move out with bin parameter, their effect on the final stacked image is minimal, provided that the migration velocity model is kinematically correct. However common image gathers may exhibit energetic primary events with substantial residual moveout, even with kinematically accurate migration velocity model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinematic artifacts in prestack depth migration

Stolk

Symes

2004

GEOPHYSICS

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“…The reason is that the computation of the excitation-time table is performed before the monitoring stage. Loewenthal and Hu (1991) Audebert et al (1997) showed that Kirchhoff migration using maximum-energy travel time significantly improve the images quality especially in areas of complex structures compared to the first-arrival travel time.…”

Section: Imaging Steps In Electromagnetic Migrationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Damage imaging of reinforced concrete structures using electromagnetic migration algorithm

Nojavan

Fang

2006

International Journal of Solids and Structures

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Reconstructing damage geometry with computationally efficient algorithms is of primary importance in establishing a robust structural health monitoring system (SHMS). In this paper electromagnetic migration, a linearized imaging algorithm, is adopted to image the damages in reinforced concrete structures. This algorithm is formulated in time-domain for 3-D inhomogeneous isotropic and lossy structures. In order to reduce the computational cost and to examine the damage resolution of this imaging algorithm, different imaging conditions are introduced. Numerical simulations in 2-D transverse magnetic (TM) wave for a reinforced concrete slab with multiple damages are performed to test the effectiveness of the algorithm. All synthetic sensor data, incident field, and migration field are computed via a finite difference time-domain (FDTD) method. It is concluded that the proposed imaging algorithm is capable of efficiently identifying the damages geometries, is robust against measurement noise, and may be employed in a SHMS.

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“…Its further approximation, choosing a single ray arrival of the complicated wavefield at each image location guarantees a noisy image in areas of many ray arrivals (Ettrich and Gajewski, 1996;Audebert et al, 1997;Thierry et al, 1999b;). Multiarrival Kirchhoff migration algorithms overcome this problem, but they tend to be complicated and relatively inefficient in three dimensions (Operto et al, 2000;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D angle gathers from reverse time migration

Xu¹,

Zhang²,

Tang³

2011

GEOPHYSICS

232

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Common-image gathers are an important output of prestack depth migration. They provide information needed for velocity model building and amplitude and phase information for subsurface attribute interpretation. Conventionally, common-image gathers are computed using Kirchhoff migration on commonoffset/azimuth data volumes. When geologic structures are complex and strong contrasts exist in the velocity model, the complicated wave behaviors will create migration artifacts in the image gathers. As long as the gather output traces are indexed by any surface attribute, such as source location, receiver location, or surface plane-wave direction, they suffer from the migration artifacts caused by multiple raypaths. These problems have been addressed in a significant amount of work, resulting in common-image gathers computed in the reflection angle domain, whose traces are indexed by the subsurface reflection angle and/or the subsurface azimuth angle.Most of these efforts have concentrated on Kirchhoff and oneway wave-equation migration methods. For reverse time migration, subsurface angle gathers can be produced using the same approach as that used for one-way wave-equation migration. However, these approaches need to be revisited when producing high-quality subsurface angle gathers in three dimensions (reflection angle/azimuth angle), especially for wide-azimuth data. We have developed a method for obtaining 3D subsurface reflection angle/azimuth angle common-image gathers specifically for the amplitude-preserved reverse time migration. The method builds image gathers with a highdimensional convolution of wavefields in the wavenumber domain. We have found a windowed antileakage Fourier transform method that leads to an efficient and practical implementation. This approach has generated high-resolution angle-domain gathers on synthetic 2.5D data and 3D wideazimuth real data.

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Imaging complex geologic structure with single‐arrival Kirchhoff prestack depth migration

Cited by 63 publications

References 18 publications

Kinematic artifacts in prestack depth migration

Kinematic artifacts in prestack depth migration

Damage imaging of reinforced concrete structures using electromagnetic migration algorithm

3D angle gathers from reverse time migration

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