Imaging of Misfit Dislocation Formation in Strained Layer Heteroepitaxy by Ultrahigh Vacuum Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

Frank, N.; Springholz, G.; Bauer, G.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.73.2236

Cited by 49 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…4͒, where on the narrow terraces there is not enough space for the steps to wind up around the threading dislocations. The observed highly terraced surface structure results from the dislocation glide processes during strain relaxation, 6 and is quite typical for strained-layer heteroepitaxy. It is why for lattice-mismatched MBE of other semiconductors, a spiral type of growth mode is not observed even for high TD densities, with the exception of the highly mismatched GaSb/GaAs system.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This observation confirms our previous strain relaxation model, in which the kinetics of strain relaxation for EuTe on PbTe ͑111͒ were determined mainly by TD multiplication, with an onset at about 150 Å EuTe layer thickness. 6 In addition, there is a striking difference in the surface structure of the 2000 Å PbTe layer on EuTe compared to that of the thick PbTe layers on BaF 2 . In spite of the very high TD density, no growth spirals are observed on this surface.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Spiral growth and threading dislocations for molecular beam epitaxy of PbTe on BaF2 (111) studied by scanning tunneling microscopy

Springholz

Ueta

Frank

et al. 1996

Applied Physics Letters

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Molecular beam epitaxy of PbTe on BaF 2 ͑111͒ is studied using UHV-scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy. It is shown that PbTe growth is totally dominated by growth spirals formed around threading dislocations ͑TD͒ that originate from the growth on the 4.2% lattice-mismatched substrate. Due to dislocation annihilation, the TD density rapidly decreases with layer thickness, which results in a dramatic increase of the electron mobilities in the layers.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Spiral growth and threading dislocations for molecular beam epitaxy of PbTe on BaF2 (111) studied by scanning tunneling microscopy

Springholz

Ueta

Frank

et al. 1996

Applied Physics Letters

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“…The shortest Burgers vector b is of 1 2 h1 1 0i type, and has an angle of 54:7 against the (1 1 1) surface [7]. As shown in Fig …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Scanning tunneling microscopy study of epitaxial growth of PbSe thin film on

Zhang

Lü

et al. 2006

Journal of Crystal Growth

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“…The appearance of these surface step lines indicates the onset of strain relaxation, and thus the critical layer thickness can be detected with high precision. [29] The information on the critical layer thickness is particularly important to our magnetic studies, since we would like to avoid misfit dislocations at interfaces.…”

Section: Mbe Growth Of Eute/pbte Superlatticesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[33] These x-ray results are in good agreement with STM and TEM studies. [29,30] Before presenting the spin structure of EuTe in our SLs, we will review the spin structure of bulk EuTe as a function of temperature and magnetic field. In zero field, EuTe makes a phase transition from the paramagnetic phase to the type-II antiferromagnetic phase at 9.8 K. [14] The type-II antiferromagnetic order is represented by ferromagnetic spin alignment within the (111) planes, the moments of adjacent planes being antiparallel (see Fig.3-1 …”

Section: X-ray Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Properties of Heisenberg Antiferromagnetic EuTe/PbTe Superlattices

Chen

Dresselhaus²,

Dresselhaus

et al. 1994

MRS Proc.

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High quality MBE-grown EuTe/PbTe superlattices (SLs) with EuTe thicknesses ranging from one atomic monolayer to seven atomic layers per SL period have recently been made available. High resolution x-ray diffraction measurements and cross-sectional TEM images on these SL samples confirm the SL structure.Bulk EuTe with its highly symmetric rocksalt structure, spherically symmetric Eu 2+ 8S7/ 2 ground state and zero magnetic anisotropy is considered to be an ideal Heisenberg antiferromagnet. The small lattice mismatch between EuTe and PbTe allows EuTe in our SLs to retain the same isotropic magnetic couplings as in bulk EuTe. In addition, our SL samples provide a good realization of a 2D Heisenberg antiferromagnet, since (1) the EuTe thicknesses in each SL period are on the order of several atomic monolayers; (2) the non-magnetic PbTe layers separating neighboring EuTe layers are sufficiently thick to prevent any inter-period magnetic coupling. Thus, the study of the magnetic properties of EuTe/PbTe SLs is of great interest, since they provide an experimental realization of an ideal 2D Heisenberg antiferromagnet with localized spins, isotropic exchange interactions and no inter-period coupling.Having SLs with different EuTe layer thicknesses ranging from one to seven monolayers makes it possible to study the behavior of the magnetization and susceptibility as a function of the layer thickness. High magnetic field M(H) studies show that EuTe/PbTe SLs cross from a canted antiferromagnetic phase to a spin-aligned paramagnetic phase in high fields at low temperatures just like bulk EuTe, although the phase boundary moves toward lower fields and temperatures in the H-T plane as the EuTe thickness is decreased. The temperature-dependent susceptibility measurements show strong anisotropy between the in-plane and out-of-plane susceptibilities, starting at temperatures slightly above T, and extending to near T=0 K. The isotropic exchange couplings and the absence of magnetic anisotropy in EuTe/PbTe SLs implied by our M(T, H) studies lead us to believe that the dipolar interaction is the main source of anisotropy. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations, using a Heisenberg model with dipolar interactions show that these interactions, can stabilize long-range antiferromagnetic order in EuTe/PbTe SLs.

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Imaging of Misfit Dislocation Formation in Strained Layer Heteroepitaxy by Ultrahigh Vacuum Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

Cited by 49 publications

References 14 publications

Spiral growth and threading dislocations for molecular beam epitaxy of PbTe on BaF2 (111) studied by scanning tunneling microscopy

Spiral growth and threading dislocations for molecular beam epitaxy of PbTe on BaF2 (111) studied by scanning tunneling microscopy

Scanning tunneling microscopy study of epitaxial growth of PbSe thin film on

Magnetic Properties of Heisenberg Antiferromagnetic EuTe/PbTe Superlattices

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