Imaging of the Meninges and the Extra-Axial Spaces

Kirmi, Olga; Sheerin, Fintan; Patel, Neel

doi:10.1053/j.sult.2009.08.007

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…During the preclinical phase of EAE, T cells interact with APCs and proliferate in the leptomeninges around the spinal cord, suggesting that the leptomeninges is a site of T cell reactivation (155)(156)(157)(158). Given that mast cells direct immune cell traffic to peripheral sites of infection (159), it is tempting to speculate that meningeal mast cells may also promote cellular cross-talk between T cells and myeloid cells in EAE.…”

Section: Mast Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate immunity in the central nervous system

2012

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Immune responses in the CNS are common, despite its perception as a site of immune privilege. These responses can be mediated by resident microglia and astrocytes, which are innate immune cells without direct counterparts in the periphery. Furthermore, CNS immune reactions often take place in virtual isolation from the innate/adaptive immune interplay that characterizes peripheral immunity. However, microglia and astrocytes also engage in significant cross-talk with CNS-infiltrating T cells and other components of the innate immune system. Here we review the cellular and molecular basis of innate immunity in the CNS and discuss what is known about how outcomes of these interactions can lead to resolution of infection, neurodegeneration, or neural repair depending on the context.

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Section: Mast Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate immunity in the central nervous system

2012

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“…The dura mater is the strong outer layer of the meninges, consists primarily of collagen fibres and contains fenestrated blood vessels that connect this meningeal layer with the periphery 9 . Fibroblasts and collagen fibres attach the outer layer of the dura to the skull and a thin layer of fibroblasts (dural border cells) separates the dura from the arachnoid 30 , 31 . Below the dura is the arachnoid barrier layer, which consists of an outer layer of epithelial-like cells connected by tight junctions 32 – 34 .…”

Section: Localization Of Fibroblasts In the Cnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging roles for CNS fibroblasts in health, injury and disease

et al. 2021

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“…1A). Within the outer layer, the dura is composed of distinct fibroblast subsets and collagen fibers that attach the dura to the inner surface of the skull (25). This layer is highly vascularized and contains the dural lymphatics (26).…”

Section: Stromal Cells: Gatekeepers To the Cns Parenchymamentioning

confidence: 99%

Stromal Cell Niches in the Inflamed Central Nervous System

Pikor

Cupovic

Onder

et al. 2017

The Journal of Immunology

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Inflammation in the CNS must be tightly regulated to respond efficiently to infection with neurotropic pathogens. Access of immune cells to the CNS and their positioning within the tissue are controlled by stromal cells that construct the barriers of the CNS. Although the role of the endothelium in regulating the passage of leukocytes and small molecules into the CNS has been studied extensively, the contribution of fibroblastic stromal cells as portals of entry into the CNS was only recently uncovered. We review the critical immune-stimulating role of meningeal fibroblasts in promoting recruitment and retention of lymphocytes during CNS inflammation. Activated meningeal fibroblastic stromal cells have the capacity to rapidly elaborate an immune-competent niche that sustains protective immune cells entering the CNS from the draining cervical lymph node. Such stromal cell niches can ultimately foster the establishment of tertiary lymphoid tissues during chronic neuroinflammatory conditions.

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Imaging of the Meninges and the Extra-Axial Spaces

Cited by 13 publications

References 68 publications

Innate immunity in the central nervous system

Innate immunity in the central nervous system

Emerging roles for CNS fibroblasts in health, injury and disease

Stromal Cell Niches in the Inflamed Central Nervous System

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