Immediate and long-term efficacy of executive functions cognitive training in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Nguyen, Lan Anh; Murphy, Karen; Andrews, Glenda

doi:10.1037/bul0000196

Cited by 135 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 109 publications

(231 reference statements)

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“…Further, a large body of evidence support the notion that computerized cognitive training programmes lead to improvements in trained cognitive domains, with some findings suggesting transfer to untrained domains (e.g. [27,28]). Although speculative, computer use may be linked to cognition through an increased exposure to novelty (e.g.…”

Section: Figure 2 Mid-life Sports Club and Gym Attendance Was Associmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mid-life and late life activities and their relationship with MRI measures of brain structure and functional connectivity in the UK Biobank cohort

Anatürk

Suri

Smith

et al. 2020

Preprint

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INTRODUCTION:This study aimed to evaluate whether mid-life and late life participation in leisure activities is linked to measures of brain structure, functional connectivity and cognition in early old age. METHODS:We examined data collected from 7,152 participants of the UK Biobank study. Weekly participation in six leisure activities was assessed twice. A cognitive battery and 3T MRI brain scan were administered at the second visit. RESULTS:Weekly computer use at mid-life associated with larger volumes of the left putamen and higher scores for fluid intelligence, alphanumeric and numeric trail making tasks and prospective memory. Frequent attendance at a sports club or gym at mid-life was associated with stronger connectivity of the sensorimotor network with the lateral visual and cerebellar networks. No other associations were significant. DISCUSSION:This study demonstrates that not all leisure activities contribute to cognitive health equally, nor is there one unifying neural signature across leisure activities.

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Section: Figure 2 Mid-life Sports Club and Gym Attendance Was Associmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mid-life and late life activities and their relationship with MRI measures of brain structure and functional connectivity in the UK Biobank cohort

Anatürk

Suri

Smith

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…16 A more recent meta-analysis assessing immediate and long-term effects of CCT on cognition and executive functions determined large improvements in trained cognitive domains related to executive functions following CCT, whereas small near-transfer (i.e., effects on untrained tasks from same trained domain) and far-transfer (i.e., effects on untrained tasks from untrained cognitive domains) outcomes. 18 A lack of clinical guidelines and standardized treatment protocols may limit the potential for a broader implementa-tion of these solutions, 19 along with the need for further studies to include functional and quality-of-life measures to assess whether gains of training extend beyond cognitive functioning to everyday life. 9 In this study, we wanted to combine the benefits of approaches based on cognitive training (i.e., standard systematic training) with those of cognitive stimulation (i.e., group training while promoting socialization and overall adjustment) in a mixed-multidomain CCT approach consisting in VR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Stimulation to Improve Cognitive Functioning in Community Elderly: A Controlled Study

Gamito

Oliveira

Alves

et al. 2020

Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking

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The advantages of using naturalistic virtual reality (VR) environments based on everyday life tasks for cognitive intervention in the elderly are not yet well understood. The literature suggests that the similarity of such exercises with real life activities may improve generalizability by extending the transfer of gains of training to everyday living. This study aimed to investigate the gains associated with this ecologically-oriented virtual reality cognitive stimulation (VR-CS) versus standard cognitive stimulation in the elderly. Forty-three healthy older adults were divided into two groups: an experimental group underwent a VR-based cognitive stimulation and an active control group underwent a paper-and-pencil cognitive stimulation. The outcomes assessed at the pre-treatment and posttreatment assessment consisted in well-established tests for cognitive and executive functioning, depression, subjective well-being, and functionality. The results showed positive outcomes on dimensions of general cognition, executive functioning, attention, and visual memory in the group that underwent VR-CS. Improvements in executive functioning in this group was supported by consistent evidence of increases in attention abilities but little evidence of increases in memory abilities. Both effects may have contributed to improvements in general cognition. Further studies are needed to test whether these effects may extend to well-being and functionality in cognitively impaired older adults.

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“…Several studies have highlighted the bene cial effects of CCT in older adults (25)(26)(27)(28). A recent review showed that CCT improved cognitive function of adults who are cognitively intact or mildly impaired (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Implementation and Effectiveness of a Pilot Multi-Domain Program for Older Adults at Risk of Cognitive Impairment at Neighborhood Senior Centres – A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nicholas

Wee

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background The efficacy of multi-domain interventions for dementia prevention has been investigated in a few large randomized controlled trials (RCT). To link research to community action, we evaluated the implementation and effectiveness of a community-based multi-domain program for older adults at risk of cognitive impairment. Methods Three enterprises implemented a 24-week, bi-weekly, multi-domain program for older adults at risk of cognitive impairment through neighborhood senior centres (SCs). The program comprised a combination of dual-task group physical exercise, pen-and-paper cognitive games, computerised cognitive training, and mobile application-based personalized nutritional guidance. An effectiveness-implementation hybrid design using a RCT design and informed by the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework was adopted to evaluate the program. Cognition and quality of life were assessed using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), and EuroQol EQ-5D-5L (EQ-5D) respectively, at baseline and 24-weeks. Blood lipid panel and physical assessments were also conducted. Questionnaires on implementation outcomes were administered at the participants-, provider- and community-levels to participants, implementers, and SC managers. Program schedules and attendance were obtained from implementers and the research team conducted unannounced, random and non-intrusive observations of the program. Results The intervention program reached almost 50% of eligible participants, had an attrition rate of 22%, and was adopted by 8.7% of the SCs approached. The intervention was implemented as intended, except the nutritional component that was re-designed due to participants’ unfamiliarity with the application. There were no between-group differences in cognition, quality of life, and blood lipid panel, though there was a reduction in quality of life in the control group and improved physical function in the intervention group at 24-weeks. Intervention group participants reported improvement in their physical and cognitive functions. The program was well-received by participants and centre managers, who wanted the intervention to continue post-study. Conclusions A six-month multi-domain program for older adults at risk of cognitive impairment can be implemented through neighborhood SCs and elicit improvement in physical but not cognitive performance. Implementation evaluation highlight areas to improve on the uptake of such community-based interventions. Trial registration Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04440969. Registered 22 June 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04440969

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Immediate and long-term efficacy of executive functions cognitive training in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract: , G. (2019). Immediate and long-term efficacy of executive functions cognitive training in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin.

Cited by 135 publications

References 109 publications

Mid-life and late life activities and their relationship with MRI measures of brain structure and functional connectivity in the UK Biobank cohort

Mid-life and late life activities and their relationship with MRI measures of brain structure and functional connectivity in the UK Biobank cohort

Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Stimulation to Improve Cognitive Functioning in Community Elderly: A Controlled Study

Evaluation of Implementation and Effectiveness of a Pilot Multi-Domain Program for Older Adults at Risk of Cognitive Impairment at Neighborhood Senior Centres – A Randomized Controlled Trial

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