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We study the relationship between choice homophily in instrumental relationships and individual performance in knowledge-intensive organizations. Although homophily should make it easier for people to get access to some colleagues, it may also lead to neglecting relationships with other colleagues, reducing the diversity of information people access through their network. Using data on instrumental ties between bonus-eligible employees in the equity sales and trading division of a global investment bank, we show that the relationship between an employee’s choice of similar colleagues and the employee’s performance is contingent on the position this employee occupies in the formal and informal hierarchy of the bank. More specifically, homophily is negatively associated with performance for bankers in the higher levels of the formal and informal hierarchy whereas the association is either positive or nonexistent for lower hierarchical levels.
We study the relationship between choice homophily in instrumental relationships and individual performance in knowledge-intensive organizations. Although homophily should make it easier for people to get access to some colleagues, it may also lead to neglecting relationships with other colleagues, reducing the diversity of information people access through their network. Using data on instrumental ties between bonus-eligible employees in the equity sales and trading division of a global investment bank, we show that the relationship between an employee’s choice of similar colleagues and the employee’s performance is contingent on the position this employee occupies in the formal and informal hierarchy of the bank. More specifically, homophily is negatively associated with performance for bankers in the higher levels of the formal and informal hierarchy whereas the association is either positive or nonexistent for lower hierarchical levels.
This study analyses the ethnic entrepreneurship activities of immigrant women from Turkey in Germany in the context of beauty sector. Ethnic entrepreneurship refers to the migrant groups' self-employment tendency as an economic activity. This economic activity creates job opportunities for entrepreneurs themselves and also for their co-ethnics in the host countries. On the other hand, this economic activity creates an ethnic niche market which offers cultural specific services and goods demanded by other immigrants. Ethnic entrepreneurship is widespread economic activity among immigrants from Turkey in Germany. Restaurants, groceries, travel agencies are the most common examples. As the immigrant population from Turkey and their diversity increases, their cultural specific demands become varied in the migration context. In this sense, immigrant women, their beauty needs and the places meeting this demand are part of this diversity mentioned before. However, in the literature studies on women ethnic entrepreneurs are relatively scarce. The study which is focusing on this unstudied subject aims to understand how cultural and gender factors shape immigrant women's entrepreneurship activity. This research was based on a six-week field study including in-depth interviews with eleven immigrant women respondents who run business in beauty sector in Cologne. Although all the respondents are second-generation immigrants, it is observed that their migration backgrounds and experiences have an effect on their entrepreneurship activities. Services offering in those businesses shape in accordance with the demands from their co-ethnics and especially women. Domestic chores and child-care are assumed to be women's responsibility and this affects their career path. Lastly, business ownership increases women's self-esteem and improves their economic and social statuses in their relations with their families, ethnic networks and the host society.
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