Eddie Torbio-Ruiz was asked to come to the police station in Reno, Nevada, voluntarily, to discuss allegations that he had sexually molested his girlfriend's two underage granddaughters. Although Eddie's native language was Spanish and he spoke English poorly, he was interrogated by English-speaking Detective Curtis Lampert. After asking a series of background questions, Lampert began an accusatory interrogation designed to cause Eddie to admit to the accusations against him. Throughout the interrogation, Lampert spoke faster than even native English speakers would understand easily. Though Eddie appeared superfi cially to understand Lampert, his problems with understanding became clearer as the interrogation progressed.Eddie initially denied all allegations, but Detective Lampert was a master interrogator who very cleverly enacted strategies interrogation scholars have shown to promote both true and false confessions. As Lampert used these strategies to move Eddie from denial to admission, Eddie appeared to admit to sexually abusive behaviors with the girls. But at several points he answered "yes" to questions or assertions that he had committed specifi c actions toward the girls, only to answer with a vehement "Oh, no!" when asked the very same question only a short time later. At many points in the interrogation, it was diffi cult to clearly infer that he knew what he had been asked, what he was responding to, or whether he and Detective Lampert were talking about the same things. Perhaps the clearest indicator of Eddie's misunderstanding came after he had been charged. When his attorney, Jennifer Lunt, tried to tell him the implications of his confession, Eddie denied that