Immobilization of intermediate-level wastes in geopolymers

Khalil, Munawar; Merz, E.

doi:10.1016/0022-3115(94)90364-6

Cited by 110 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Other authors [17] also noticed a strength decrease for long curing time with temperature. At the age of 56 days, the compressive strength of AAS mortars with 65…”

Section: Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 93%

Strength and Drying Shrinkage of Alkali-Activated Slag Paste and Mortar

Chi

Chang

Huang

2012

Advances in Civil Engineering

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The aim of this study is to investigate the strengths and drying shrinkage of alkali-activated slag paste and mortar. Compressive strength, tensile strength, and drying shrinkage of alkali-activated slag paste and mortar were measured with various liquid/slag ratios, sand/slag ratios, curing ages, and curing temperatures. Experimental results show that the higher compressive strength and tensile strength have been observed in the higher curing temperature. At the age of 56 days, AAS mortars show higher compressive strength than Portland cement mortars and AAS mortars with liquid/slag ratio of 0.54 have the highest tensile strength in all AAS mortars. In addition, AAS pastes of the drying shrinkage are higher than AAS mortars. Meanwhile, higher drying shrinkage was observed in AAS mortars than that observed comparable Portland cement mortars.

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“…Other authors [17] also noticed a strength decrease for long curing time with temperature. At the age of 56 days, the compressive strength of AAS mortars with 65…”

Section: Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 93%

Strength and Drying Shrinkage of Alkali-Activated Slag Paste and Mortar

Chi

Chang

Huang

2012

Advances in Civil Engineering

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“…Zeolites are currently used for the removal of cations from high-level alkaline waste solutions [13][14][15]. The zeolites used for this application, as zeolite A, zeolite X or natural chabasite, erionite, phillipsite and clinoptilolite, present a highly accessible micropore system and a correspondingly fast cation exchange, an asset for cation removal from waste solutions but a drawback for long-term stockage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Borosilicate and aluminosilicate pollucite nanocrystals for the storage of radionuclides

et al. 2011

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Cesium can be encapsulated in crystalline aluminosilicates or borosilicates of ANA framework type by hydrothermal synthesis from alkaline solutions at a temperature as low as 115°C. No miscibility gap is observed in the borosilicate-aluminosilicate solid solution. The presence of cesium in the synthesis batch slightly decreases the yield of incorporation of boron in the silicate framework. Nanocrystals from 25 to 50 nm are formed in most of the synthesis conditions.

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“…Radioactive waste encapsulation by geopolymers has received attention as an alternative to ordinary Portland cement. Khalil and Merz studied intermediate level wastes and found that waste loading should be below 50wt% of the reactive components or the geopolymer will fail to cure [13]. Promising results were also obtained by Palomo with successful encapsulation of samples spiked with chromium, lead and boron [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

A case study on stabilization and reuse of geopolymer-encapsulated brown coal fly ash

Bankowski¹,

Zou²,

Hodges³

2006

Int. J. SDP

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Fly ash disposal for coal power stations is an ongoing problem. This paper explores the use of a geopolymeric material to stabilize fly ash and reduce the leach rates of metals, and at the same time determine whether the stabilized material can be reused and recycled as value-added products. Fly ash from the Latrobe Valley, Victoria, Australia, was collected and stabilized in a geopolymer with a molar silica to alumina ratio of 3. Fly ash was collected from electrostatic precipitators [precipitator fly ash (PFA)] and ash disposal ponds [leached fly ash (LFA)] so that a comparison in results between the two types could be made. In terms of stabilization of selected heavy metals, PFA showed better trends towards reduction in leach rates, although for this fly ash the initial concentration of heavy metals is low. LFA showed better trends towards reduction in major elemental leach rates. Compressive strength tests were carried out to determine the potential of the material to be used as recycled products. A maximum compressive strength of 32 MPa was achieved with a PFA-geopolymer combination, which shows that these materials can be recycled and reused. However, more research is still required to achieve greater compressive strengths. Scanning electron microscopy linked the leaching behaviour and compressive strength values with images that showed the fly ash particle-geopolymer interaction. Materials cost estimation was conducted to determine the cost of materials required to stabilize and reuse fly ash geopolymers.

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Immobilization of intermediate-level wastes in geopolymers

Cited by 110 publications

References 2 publications

Strength and Drying Shrinkage of Alkali-Activated Slag Paste and Mortar

Strength and Drying Shrinkage of Alkali-Activated Slag Paste and Mortar

Borosilicate and aluminosilicate pollucite nanocrystals for the storage of radionuclides

A case study on stabilization and reuse of geopolymer-encapsulated brown coal fly ash

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