Immobilization of Nicotiana tabacum plant cell suspensions within calcium alginate gel beads for the production of enhanced amounts of scopolin

Effects of immobilization by entrapment in alginate and scale‐up on paclitaxel and baccatin III production in cell suspension cultures of Taxus baccata

“…These relatively small increases of biomass after a culture period of 24 days indicated that the immobilized cells remained in the stationary growth state during the considered period. In previous works (Villegas et al, 1999;Gillet et al, 2000), it has been demonstrated that cells of different plant species immobilized in alginate calcium beads show a growth rate that is not as high as that of free-growing cells, but considerably greater than the growth rate obtained for our T. baccata immobilized cells. These differences may be partly attributable to the fact that these authors, as well as using species with a much faster growth than that of Taxus, such as Eschscholtzia californica and Nicotiana tabacum, immobilized the cells in their linear growth phase.…”

“…Sodium alginate, at the concentration of 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%, was used for immobilization of cells, using the technique described by Gillet et al (2000). Considering that the paclitaxel production in Taxus cell cultures takes place mainly when the lineal growth phase has finished and the culture is in its stationary growth phase (Srinivasan et al, 1996;Fett-Neto and DiCosmo, 1997;Cusidó et al, 2002), 2 F 0.2 g wet weight of free cells grown for 13 days in the growth medium (which was the length of time necessary for it to enter in the stationary growth phase), were mixed with 10 mL of a sterile solution of sodium alginate (High Viscosity from Sigma) and then dropped into 100 mL of a 2.5% sterile calcium chloride solution to form biocatalyst beads by ionotropic gelation of alginate.…”

“…At the end of the culture period samples of beads were removed from the immobilized cell cultures as described by Gillet et al (2000). The calcium alginate support was dissolved by adding 20 mL of EDTA-phosphate solution (0.1 and 0.2 M, respectively) and stirring for 30 min.…”

Effect of methyl jasmonate and salycilic acid synergism on enhancement of bilobalide and ginkgolide production by immobilized cell cultures of Ginkgo biloba

“…Immobilization has been shown to improve the production levels of various secondary metabolites (Aoyagi et al 1998;Villegas et al 1999). Several studies have reported that immobilized plant cell cultures show an increase in secondary metabolite production compared with cell suspension cultures (Gilleta et al 2000;Premjet and Tachibana 2004). Since immobilization of suspended cells potentially causes toxicity of polyurethane foam (Vorlop et al 1992) and diffusional resistance of gel matrices (Ganguly et al 2007), cells immobilized with loofa, sisal, and jute provided higher amounts of biomass with enhanced alizarin and purpurin content in immobilized Rubia tinctorum L. in a suspension culture (Nartop et al 2013).…”

Potencial biossotivo e biodegradativo da Saccharomyces cerevisiae imobilizada em alginato de cálcio e em células livres na remoção de corantes têxteis de efluente

“…A bioredução contínua foi uma técnica viável e reprodutível. Gillet et al (2000) com o objetivo de produzir Scopolin, imobilizaram Nicotiana tabacum em esferas de alginato de cálcio, visto que a suspensão de células livres acumulava Scopolin no interior citoplasmático e para a recuperação era necessário seu rompimento celular. As células de Nicotiana tabacum imobilizadas produziram mais Scopolin que a suspensão de células livres, sendo que uma grande fração do produto pôde ser recuperado sem o rompimento celular, obtendo 3,8 mg/g de biomassa no meio de cultura para 0,2 mg/g de biomassa intracelular.…”