Immobilized inulinase: a new horizon of paramount importance driving the production of sweetener and prebiotics

Abstract

In recent times, inulinase has emerged as one the most prominent and industrially upcoming enzymes applied to meet the ever increasing demand of d-fructose and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) as sweetener and prebiotics in the food and pharmaceutical industry, respectively. This review deals with types of inulinase and the attempts made to modify it for better thermal stability and shelf life. The ease of immobilization of inulinase has led us to the path of experimenting with different methods of enzyme immobilization since 1979. Several modes of immobilization ranging from simple cross-linking of enzymes onto a polymer support to nanoparticles have been applied over the years. The approach and concept of this review provide a yet unexplored focus on pioneering advances for the development of white biotechnology, for instance production of immobilized inulinase-based reusable biocatalysts and bioreactors designed for their use and for the continuous production of fructose and FOS.

Potential prebiotics and their transmission mechanisms: Recent approaches

“…Prebiotics can be developed by using various cereal grains such as corn, wheat, rice, barley, and oats economically. Fructose and fructooligosaccharide can be produced by immobilized inulinase-based reusable biocatalysts and bioreactors [ 15 ]. Aloe Vera can be used as a source of prebiotics due to some antibiotic activities.…”

Enzyme immobilization: polymer–solvent–enzyme compatibility

“…Numerous unique enzyme immobilization methods, characterizations, and applications have been investigated, published, and reviewed. 37–63 Certain reviews have discussed enzyme stability and catalysis in organic solvents 64–68 and explored enzyme engineering for in situ immobilization involving self-assembly into insoluble particles. 69 However, no prior reviews have focused on critically assessing enzyme-compatible polymer-solution triad systems as a fundamental material fabrication approach.…”

Development of a sustainable route for the production of high‐fructose syrup from the polyfructan inulin

“…However, chemical hydrolysis leads to the undesirable degradation of inulin, which may hinder the production of highly pure fructose. Thus, alternatively, inulin hydrolysis by the action of inulinase proves to be an effective route for fructose production [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. A number of works have been reported towards the utilization of free inulinase from various microbial sources for the production of fructose from inulin by hydrolyzing the β ‐1,2‐fructan links in inulin.…”