Immobilized Soybean Peroxidase Hybrid Biocatalysts for Efficient Degradation of Various Emerging Pollutants

Morsi, Rana; Al-Maqdi, Khadega A.; Bilal, Muhammad; Iqbal, Hafiz M.N.; Khaleel, Abbas; Shah, Iltaf; Ashraf, S. Salman

doi:10.3390/biom11060904

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The obvious next step would be to scale-up enzyme-mediated remediation approaches by immobilizing cheaply produced recombinant enzymes (or their improved variants) onto solid supports to create bioreactors/columns and test them on real-life wastewater. We have recently shown that soybean peroxidase can be efficiently supported on photocatalytic supports to produce novel hybrid biocatalysts more potent than the enzyme or the photocatalysts [ 41 ]. The current study describes the first instance of the use of recombinant DyP4 fungal peroxidases (and its evolved variants) for bioremediation of organic pollutants and opens the door for the use of engineered peroxidases for such applications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient degradation of various emerging pollutants by wild type and evolved fungal DyP4 peroxidases

et al. 2022

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The accumulation of emerging pollutants in the environment remains a major concern as evidenced by the increasing number of reports citing their potential risk on environment and health. Hence, removal strategies of such pollutants remain an active area of investigation. One way through which emerging pollutants can be eliminated from the environment is by enzyme-mediated bioremediation. Enzyme-based degradation can be further enhanced via advanced protein engineering approaches. In the present study a sensitive and robust bioanalytical liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMSMS)-based approach was used to investigate the ability of a fungal dye decolorizing peroxidase 4 (DyP4) and two of its evolved variants—that were previously shown to be H2O2 tolerant—to degrade a panel of 15 different emerging pollutants. Additionally, the role of a redox mediator was examined in these enzymatic degradation reactions. Our results show that three emerging pollutants (2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), paracetamol, and furosemide) were efficiently degraded by DyP4. Addition of the redox mediator had a synergistic effect as it enabled complete degradation of three more emerging pollutants (methyl paraben, sulfamethoxazole and salicylic acid) and dramatically reduced the time needed for the complete degradation of MBT, paracetamol, and furosemide. Further investigation was carried out using pure MBT to study its degradation by DyP4. Five potential transformation products were generated during the enzymatic degradation of MBT, which were previously reported to be produced during different bioremediation approaches. The current study provides the first instance of the application of fungal DyP4 peroxidases in bioremediation of emerging pollutants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient degradation of various emerging pollutants by wild type and evolved fungal DyP4 peroxidases

et al. 2022

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“…Peroxidase enzymes have been intensively studied for their application in water remediation [53]. A large body of literature shows the ability of peroxidases to degrade toxic emerging pollutants into safer intermediates [54][55][56][57]. Al-Maqdi et al [58] compared the ability of chloroperoxidase (CPO) relative to the UV light + H 2 O 2 method to degrade a thiazole pollutant.…”

Section: Enzymatic Bioremediation (The Use Of Peroxidase and Laccase Enzymes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various research groups have been attracted to immobilization processes as a means to overcome the low stability of free enzymes [54,57]. Regarding pH, in most cases, immobilization has resulted in the unaltered activity of the immobilized enzyme at different pH values, a shift in the optimum pH, or a broader profile with little enhancement [86][87][88][89].…”

Section: Stability Of Immobilized Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other types of inorganic oxides, including titanium and aluminum oxide, have been used for enzyme immobilization [112,113]. Morsi et al [57] demonstrated that immobilized soybean peroxidase (SBP) on titanium oxide maintained 95% of its capacity to degrade the pollutant 2-mercaptobenzothiazole after four continuous reaction cycles. Siddeeg et al [114] demonstrated that manganese peroxidase (MnP) was immobilized on Fe 3 O 4 /chitosan nanocomposites for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) and reactive orange 16 (RO 16) dyes.…”

Section: Immobilization On Solid Supportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges and Recent Advances in Enzyme-Mediated Wastewater Remediation—A Review

et al. 2021

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Different classes of artificial pollutants, collectively called emerging pollutants, are detected in various water bodies, including lakes, rivers, and seas. Multiple studies have shown the devastating effects these emerging pollutants can have on human and aquatic life. The main reason for these emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment is their incomplete removal in the existing wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Several additional treatments that could potentially supplement existing WWTPs to eliminate these pollutants include a range of physicochemical and biological methods. The use of enzymes, specifically, oxidoreductases, are increasingly being studied for their ability to degrade different classes of organic compounds. These enzymes have been immobilized on different supports to promote their adoption as a cost-effective and recyclable remediation approach. Unfortunately, some of these techniques have shown a negative effect on the enzyme, including denaturation and loss of catalytic activity. This review focuses on the major challenges facing researchers working on the immobilization of peroxidases and the recent progress that has been made in this area. It focuses on four major areas: (1) stability of enzymes upon immobilization, enzyme engineering, and evolution; (2) recyclability and reusability, including immobilization on membranes and solid supports; (3) cost associated with enzyme-based remediation; and (4) scaling-up and bioreactors.

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“…Attention is drawn to using biological methods, including enzymes, instead of chemical methods, due to limitations such as the discharge of harmful by-products, high cost, and ineffective purification [6]. These dyes' biodegradation is extensively investigated, using several peroxidases and oxidases [7][8][9]. The laccase enzyme is a multi-copper oxidase that is formed by several plants and fungi, and can oxidize different types of dyes in an eco-friendly and effective way [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes Using Laccase Immobilized Magnetic Nanoparticles

et al. 2021

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Free laccase has limitations for its use in industrial applications that require laccase immobilization on proper support, to improve its catalytic activity. Herein, the nanoparticles of magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) and copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) were successfully used as support for the immobilization of free laccase, using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linker. The immobilization conditions of laccase on the surface of nanoparticles were optimized to reach the maximum activity of the immobilized enzyme. The synthesized free nanoparticles and the nanoparticle-immobilized laccase were characterized using different techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). CuFe2O4 nanoparticles, as support, enhanced laccase activity compared to free laccase and Fe3O4 nanoparticle-immobilized laccase that appeared during the study of pH, temperature, and storage stability on free and immobilized laccase. The CuFe2O4 and Fe3O4 nanoparticle-immobilized laccase showed superior activity in a wide pH range, temperature range, and storage period, up to 20 days at 4.0 °C, when compared to free laccase. Additionally, the synthesized nanobiocatalysts were examined and optimized for the biodegradation of the anionic dye Direct Red 23 (DR23). HPLC analysis was used to confirm the dye degradation. The reusability of immobilized laccases for the biodegradation of DR23 dye was investigated for up to six successive cycles, with a decolorization efficiency over 70.0%, which indicated good reusability and excellent stability.

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Immobilized Soybean Peroxidase Hybrid Biocatalysts for Efficient Degradation of Various Emerging Pollutants

Cited by 20 publications

References 46 publications

Efficient degradation of various emerging pollutants by wild type and evolved fungal DyP4 peroxidases

Efficient degradation of various emerging pollutants by wild type and evolved fungal DyP4 peroxidases

Challenges and Recent Advances in Enzyme-Mediated Wastewater Remediation—A Review

The Biocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes Using Laccase Immobilized Magnetic Nanoparticles

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