Immune and antioxidant responses of pearl oyster<i>Pinctada maxima</i>exposed to acute salinity stress

Wei, Haijun; Chen, Mingqiang; Deng, Zhenghua; Zhao, Wang; Li, Youning; Fang, Wei; Ma, Zhenhua; Wang, Yu; Yu, Gang

doi:10.1111/are.15761

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(132 reference statements)

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“…In contrast to our results, AKP and ACP activity decreased in response to low salinity stress in the inshore shrimp [55], suggesting opposite trends in AKP and ACP activity between marine crustaceans and freshwater species in response to salinity changes. Notably, AKP and ACP are also important components of the LZM system and function together in the innate immunity of organisms [56,57]. Our study detected higher LZM activity in the 26‰ group than in the 13‰ group at 24 h and 48 h, which is consistent with the findings in a coastal fish, where LZM activity recovered to the same level as that of the control group at 48 h [56].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Multi-Effects of Acute Salinity Stress on Osmoregulation, Physiological Metabolism, Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and Apoptosis in Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Wang,

Li,

Wei

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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Salinity stress can trigger a series of physiological changes. However, the mechanism underlying the response to acute salinity stress in Macrobrachium rosenbergii remains poorly understood. In this study, osmoregulation, physiological metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and apoptosis were examined over 96 h of acute salinity stress. Hemolymph osmolality increased with increasing salinity. After 48 h of salinity exposure, the glucose, triglycerides, total protein, and total cholesterol contents in two salinity stress groups (13 and 26‰ salinity) were significantly lower than those in the 0‰ salinity group. The highest levels of these parameters were detected at 6 h; however, superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were the lowest at 96 h in the 13‰ salinity group. The activity of immunity-related enzyme alkaline phosphatase (AKP) showed a decreasing trend with increasing salinity and remained at a low level in the 26‰ salinity group throughout the experiment. No significant differences were observed in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), or lysozyme (LZM) among the three treatments at 96 h. After 96 h of salinity treatments, the gill filament diameter significantly decreased, and a more pronounced terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive signal was detected in the 13‰ and 26‰ groups compared to that in the 0‰ group. Expression levels of apoptosis-related genes, including Cysteine-aspartic acid protease 3 (Caspase 3), Cysteine-aspartic acid protease 8 (Caspase 8), Cytochrome c (Cyt-c), tumor suppressor gene (P53), Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), and B cell lymphoma 2 ovarian killer (Bok) were significantly higher in the 26‰ salinity group than in the other groups at 24 h, but lower than those in the 0‰ salinity group at 96 h. Cyt-c and P53 levels exhibited a significantly positive relationship with MDA, AST, and LZM activity during salinity stress. In the 13‰ salinity group, Bok expression was significantly correlated with SOD, T-AOC, AKP, acid phosphatase, and LZM activity, whereas in the 26‰ group, the AST content was positively correlated with Caspase 8, Cyt-c, and P53 expression. A significant negative relationship was observed between Caspase 3 expression and catalase (CAT) activity. These findings provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the response to acute salinity stress and will contribute to improving M. rosenbergii aquaculture and management practices.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Multi-Effects of Acute Salinity Stress on Osmoregulation, Physiological Metabolism, Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and Apoptosis in Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Wang,

Li,

Wei

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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“…We found this tendency in our recent work on A. kagoshimensis that also showed increased ROS levels in hemocytes and loss of CAT and SOD activity in gills upon acclimation to low salinity, whereas exposure high salinity did not significantly affect the antioxidant status of the organism (Kladchenko et al, 2023). Similar conclusions were made for oysters Pinctada maxima (Jameson, 1901) exposed to high and low salinity (Wei et al, 2022a). Thus, it is reasonable to assume that bivalve mollusks are more easily acclimated to hypersaline environments than to hyposaline conditions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Salinity fluctuations are frequent for coastal marine systems and negatively influence metabolism of bivalve mollusks (Wei, et al, 2022a;Muraeva et al, 2016). Changes in environmental salinity may induce damage to cellular membranes and DNA, inhibit activity of various enzymes and suppress immunity by oxidizing cellular compartments, activation of apoptosis etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-time salinity fluctuations are strong activators of oxidative stress in Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis)

Gostyukhina,

Kladchenko,

Chelebieva

et al. 2023

Ecol. Monten.

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Salinity stress is an emerging key factor affecting aquatic animals in coastal waters. In bivalves, physiological responses to anisosmotic conditions are frequently associated with excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, lipid peroxidation processes and alterations of the antioxidant enzyme activity in tissues. In this study, we investigated whether short-time exposure to high (20-40 ‰) or low (6-14 ‰) salinity induces oxidative stress in hemocytes and gills of Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Our findings showed that both hypoosmotic and hyperosmotic stress enhanced formation of ROS in hemocytes, which was accompanied by an increase in DNA damage. Experimental acclimation to low salinity (6‰, 10 ‰) led to a decrease of the activity of superoxide dismutase but did not affect catalase activity in gills. Exposure to high salinity (24 ‰) inhibited activities of both antioxidant enzymes, whereas at 30 ‰ activity of both enzymes recovered up to controls. We found that exposure to high salinity was associated with lower risks of oxidative stress in mussels, and changes in redox balance are observed in hemocytes and gills even if the range of salinity changes is in range of species adaptive potential. Taken together, this study suggests that short-time salinity fluctuations promote oxidative stress in bivalves.

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“…Alkaline phosphatase and ACP can catalyze the formation of free phenol from disodium phenyl phosphate under acidic and basic conditions, respectively. The phenol reacts with 4-aminoantipyrine in alkaline solution and is oxidized by potassium ferricyanide to form red quinone derivatives, its enzymatic activity can be calculated based on the absorbance value at 510 nm ( Wei et al, 2022 ). One unit of enzymatic activity is defined as the catalytic production of 1 μM phenol per milligram of protein per minute at 37°C, and the results were expressed as U per mg protein.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the effects of sulfamethoxazole on the composition of gut microbiota and immune responses in Stichopus variegatus

Tan

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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The aim of this work was to reveal the changes in gut microbiota composition and immune responses of sea cucumber (Stichopus variegatus) after being affected by different doses of sulfamethoxazole. In this study, the bacterial 16S rRNA of gut microbiota were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing, and the activities of immune enzymes [lysozyme (LZM), phenoloxidase (PO), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and acid phosphatase (ACP)] in the gut of S. variegatus were determined. The results showed that the gut microbiota presented a lower richness in the antibiotic treatment groups compared with the control group, and there were significant differences among the dominant bacteria of different concentration treatments. At the genus level, the abundance of Escherichia, Exiguobacterium, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Thalassotalea were significantly decreased in the 3 mg/L treatment group, while Vibrio was significantly increased. Furthermore, the 6 mg/L treatment group had less effect on these intestinal dominant bacteria, especially Vibrio. The changes in relative abundance of Vibrio at the species level indicated that lower concentrations of sulfamethoxazole could enhance the enrichment of Vibrio mediterranei and Vibrio fortis in S. variegatus more than higher concentrations of sulfamethoxazole. Meanwhile, the 3 mg/L treatment group significantly increased the activities of PO, AKP, and ACP, and decreased the activity of LZM. These results suggested that lower doses of sulfamethoxazole have a greater effect on the gut microbiota composition and immune responses in S. variegatus and may increase the risk of host infection.

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Immune and antioxidant responses of pearl oysterPinctada maximaexposed to acute salinity stress

Cited by 6 publications

References 58 publications

Multi-Effects of Acute Salinity Stress on Osmoregulation, Physiological Metabolism, Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and Apoptosis in Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Multi-Effects of Acute Salinity Stress on Osmoregulation, Physiological Metabolism, Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and Apoptosis in Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Short-time salinity fluctuations are strong activators of oxidative stress in Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis)

Unraveling the effects of sulfamethoxazole on the composition of gut microbiota and immune responses in Stichopus variegatus

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