Immune and Genetic Status of Women With Reproductive Disorders in the Condtions of Exposed Contamination of Biological Media With Phenols

Abstract

Introduction. A Hormon-like agent such as phenol is able both to integrate into the work of hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary system and trigger a cascade of responses that leads to the development of the immune, hormonal and endocrine systems disorder. Material and methods. The study included 181 woman who permanently live in the area with contamination with phenol in air above standard level. All women are comparable in age, material status and ethnicity. Immunological and hormonal indices were determined by enzyme immunoassay, genetic markers were detected by polymerase chain reaction. Statistical data processing was carried out with the soffware Statistica 10.0, using parametric and non-parametric methods. Results. Between the study groups there were obtained significant differences in following markers: thyroid-stimulating hormone, serotonin, interleukin 6, interleukin 10, estradiol. The dependence of appearance of unfavorable reproductive effects on the presence of polymorphic allele’s was determined: A allele of a gene SULT1A1, G allele of a gene PER2, C allele of a gene SIRT1. Correlation models are defined: thyroid-stimulating hormone and phenol, serotonin and phenol, thyroid-stimulating hormone and cresol, serotonin and cresol, estradiol and cresol. Conclusion. All found markers (increased concentration of phenol in biological media, gene polymorphism, altered protein and receptor expression) create special conditions for the course of the miscarriage pathology.

The Features of Polymorphism of Detoxification Phase I and II Genes in Women with Infertility Contaminated with Exogenous Phenol

“…The studies of the individual genetic characteristics (single nucleotide substitutions) in women are relevant [4, 5, 8, 10, 11, 13-16, 18, 20]. Of particular interest is an analysis of detoxification genes as candidates for the development of reproductive pathologies in the presence of exogenous simulators of reproductive events [2,7,13].…”

“…The negative effect of phenol on the reproductive system of women can be explained by its hormone-like properties -the ability to replace steroid hormones. An excess of phenol creates a hormonal imbalance that triggers a cascade of reactions involving changes in the hormonal, endocrine and immune systems [7].…”

Peculiarities of Homeostatic and Genetic Profile in Women With Miscarriage Contaminated With Hydroxybenzol

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The study of the miscarriage problem is of particular relevance, taking into account the modern challenges to the health of women who are daily exposed to the adverse conditions of external environment of anthropogenic origin [1].The negative impact of hydroxybenzene, which enters the woman's body by aerogenic means can also be attributed to the number of unfavorable technogenic factors. Hydroxybenzene is a hormone-like toxicant that disrupts the level of natural steroid hormones triggering a cascade of reactions in the body, affecting the immune, endocrine, and hormonal systems [2][3][4].During pregnancy, the female body undergoes significant changes, which are manifested not only in changes in the immune and hormonal indicators, but also in homeostasis indicators (biochemical indicators). Changes in the level of expression of biochemical parameters may indicate ongoing disturbances in the body system balance [5].The genetic markers act as predisposing factors for the development of various pathologies manifested under the influence of unfavorable environmental and lifestyle factors.

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“…The negative impact of hydroxybenzene, which enters the woman's body by aerogenic means can also be attributed to the number of unfavorable technogenic factors. Hydroxybenzene is a hormone-like toxicant that disrupts the level of natural steroid hormones triggering a cascade of reactions in the body, affecting the immune, endocrine, and hormonal systems [2][3][4].…”