Immune changes in HIV-1 infection: Significant correlations and differences in serum markers and lymphoid phenotypic antigens

Hz, Bass; Nishanian, Parunag; Wd, Hardy; Rt, Mitsuyasu; Esmail, Eman Amin; Cumberland, William G.; Jl, Fahey

doi:10.1016/0090-1229(92)90060-2

“…After 8 weeks, CsA was discontinued and HAART was continued alone. All patients were monitored at screening, at baseline, at days 2, 4, and 7, and at weeks 2,4,8,12,16,24,32,40,48, and 64. The protocol was approved by local institutional review boards, and patients gave written informed consent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although this was not a randomized trial, a control cohort was identified on the basis of the following criteria: (a) diagnosis of primary infection with the criteria mentioned above; (b) the same recruitment period (between 1998 and 1999); (c) a treatment regimen containing double protein inhibitors; and (d) comparable monitoring and follow-up. After the identification of patients meeting these criteria (n = 29), individual charts were reviewed, and follow-up data of weeks 1,2,4,8,12,16,24,32,40,48, and 64 were included in the analysis (HAART alone cohort). All the patients with primary HIV-1 infection between June 1998 and March 1999 were enrolled in the CSA study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, this study was designed mainly to evaluate the immunologic effects of intervention with CsA in combination with HAART during primary infection. The rationale of the study, i.e., to rapidly shut down immune activation (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29), particularly during primary infection, is supported by a series of observations: (a) primary HIV infection is characterized by a heightened state of cellular activation (1,11,12,27); (b) initiation of HAART is accompanied by an increase in the relative proportion of CD4 + T cells that proliferate and/or are activated (1,16,39,(47)(48)(49); (c) massive productive HIV-1 infection and virus spreading require proliferating and/or activated target cells (31); and (d) massive immune activation may lead to exhaustion and rapid elimination of HIV-specific CD8 + and CD4 + T cells (11,2).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Treatment of primary HIV-1 infection with cyclosporin A coupled with highly active antiretroviral therapy

Rizzardi¹,

Harari²,

Capiluppi³

et al. 2002

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Primary HIV-1 infection causes extensive immune activation, during which CD4 + T cell activation supports massive HIV-1 production. We tested the safety and the immune-modulating effects of combining cyclosporin A (CsA) treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) during primary HIV-1 infection. Nine adults with primary HIV-1 infection were treated with CsA along with HAART. At week 8, all patients discontinued CsA but maintained HAART. Viral replication was suppressed to a comparable extent in the CsA + HAART cohort and in 29 control patients whose primary infection was treated with HAART alone. CsA restored normal CD4 + T cell levels, both in terms of percentage and absolute numbers. The increase in CD4 + T cells was apparent within a week and persisted throughout the study period. CsA was not detrimental to virus-specific CD8 + or CD4 + T cell responses. At week 48, the proportion of IFN-γ-secreting CD4 + and CD4 + CCR7 -T cells was significantly higher in the CsA + HAART cohort than in the HAART-alone cohort. In conclusion, rapid shutdown of T cell activation in the early phases of primary HIV-1 infection can have long-term beneficial effects and establish a more favorable immunologic set-point. Appropriate, immune-based therapeutic interventions may represent a valuable complement to HAART for treating HIV infection.

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“…Increased immune activation can also be detected by measuring soluble immune markers. These include neopterin, soluble CD8, soluble CD14, soluble CD25, tumor necrosis factor-␣, and ␤ 2 -microglobulin (4,(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyper-responsiveness to Stimulation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected CD4+ T Cells Requires Nef and Tat Virus Gene Products and Results from Higher NFAT, NF-κB, and AP-1 Induction

Fortin

¹

,

Barat

²

,

Beauséjour

³

et al. 2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…A major feature of primary HIV-1 infection is massive immune activation (1). Immune activation as a general mechanism of HIV-1 infection-associated disease has been proposed in the past by several investigators and has been substantiated by several observations (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). The immune activation may be deleterious for several reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Treatment of primary HIV-1 infection with cyclosporin A coupled with highly active antiretroviral therapy

Rizzardi

¹

,

Harari

²

,

Capiluppi

³

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Primary HIV-1 infection causes extensive immune activation, during which CD4 + T cell activation supports massive HIV-1 production. We tested the safety and the immune-modulating effects of combining cyclosporin A (CsA) treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) during primary HIV-1 infection. Nine adults with primary HIV-1 infection were treated with CsA along with HAART. At week 8, all patients discontinued CsA but maintained HAART. Viral replication was suppressed to a comparable extent in the CsA + HAART cohort and in 29 control patients whose primary infection was treated with HAART alone. CsA restored normal CD4 + T cell levels, both in terms of percentage and absolute numbers. The increase in CD4 + T cells was apparent within a week and persisted throughout the study period. CsA was not detrimental to virus-specific CD8 + or CD4 + T cell responses. At week 48, the proportion of IFN-γ-secreting CD4 + and CD4 + CCR7 -T cells was significantly higher in the CsA + HAART cohort than in the HAART-alone cohort. In conclusion, rapid shutdown of T cell activation in the early phases of primary HIV-1 infection can have long-term beneficial effects and establish a more favorable immunologic set-point. Appropriate, immune-based therapeutic interventions may represent a valuable complement to HAART for treating HIV infection.

show abstract

Immune changes in HIV-1 infection: Significant correlations and differences in serum markers and lymphoid phenotypic antigens

Cited by 58 publications

References 24 publications

Treatment of primary HIV-1 infection with cyclosporin A coupled with highly active antiretroviral therapy

Treatment of primary HIV-1 infection with cyclosporin A coupled with highly active antiretroviral therapy

Hyper-responsiveness to Stimulation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected CD4+ T Cells Requires Nef and Tat Virus Gene Products and Results from Higher NFAT, NF-κB, and AP-1 Induction

Treatment of primary HIV-1 infection with cyclosporin A coupled with highly active antiretroviral therapy

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