Immune mechanisms in trematode-snail interactions

Knaap, W.P.W. van der; Loker, Eric S.

doi:10.1016/0169-4758(90)90349-9

Cited by 177 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Type I cells ( Fig. 2A,B), which comprised the predominant population in culture, were rounded with a high nucleus to cytoplasm ratio, morphologically similar to hyalinocytes of the hemolymph (Van der Knaap & Loker 1990). The cell population type II displayed relatively more cytoplasm than type I (Fig.…”

Section: Cell Types In Culture -mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When in contact with the infective agent, the endogenous defense mechanisms of the mollusk are immediately activated, mediated by circulating effectors cells (hemocytes) and by soluble factors which are present in the hemolymph. Among these factors, lectins with specific carbohydratebinding capacities play an important role by immobilizing foreign objects by agglutination, promoting phagocytes by the hemocytes or even acting as cytophilic receptors for non-self recognition (Van der Knaap & Loker 1990).The hemocytes of Biomphalaria are capable of phagocytosis, encapsulation and, finally, destruction of the infective agents. Both morphologically and functionally, these cells resemble cells of the vertebrate monocytemacrophage series (Jeong et al 1983, Bezerra et al 2003.…”

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Primary culture of the region of the amebocyte-producing organ of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata, the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni

Barbosa

Silva

Coelho³

et al. 2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Biomphalaria glabrata snails are major hosts for the digenetic trematoda Schistosoma mansoni, the causative agent of human schistosomiasis. The success or failure of the infection will be dependent on the mobilization of the molluskan internal defense system, where a major role will be played by circulating hemocytes produced by the APO (amebocyte-producing organ) Schistosomiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the digenetic trematode Schistosoma mansoni Sambom, 1907. The disease is prevalent in 54 countries and territories of Africa, the Caribbean, the Mediterranean, and South America. It is estimated that 130 million people are infected with this species of parasite (Chitsulo et al. 2000). Although several advances have been achieved in the control of the schistosomiasis morbidity, mainly due to the development of new low toxicity and highly effective drugs against the parasite, it is still an endemic disease, whose control and/or eradication is very difficult in the wide regions where it occurs. The affected patients become debilitated, thus impairing the socio-economic development of the affected countries. In Brazil, it is estimated that eight million people are infected, whereas thirty million are at high risk of infection, since they live in hyper endemic areas (Katz 1997 In the S. mansoni-Biomphalaria interaction, besides the stringent physiological and biochemical compatibility between host and parasite, the success or failure of the infection will be strongly determined by the efficacy of the internal defense system of the snail. When in contact with the infective agent, the endogenous defense mechanisms of the mollusk are immediately activated, mediated by circulating effectors cells (hemocytes) and by soluble factors which are present in the hemolymph. Among these factors, lectins with specific carbohydratebinding capacities play an important role by immobilizing foreign objects by agglutination, promoting phagocytes by the hemocytes or even acting as cytophilic receptors for non-self recognition (Van der Knaap & Loker 1990).The hemocytes of Biomphalaria are capable of phagocytosis, encapsulation and, finally, destruction of the infective agents. Both morphologically and functionally, these cells resemble cells of the vertebrate monocytemacrophage series (Jeong et al. 1983, Bezerra et al. 2003. Experimental evidence has been accumulated assigning the production and storage of hemocytes to the hematopoietic organ, a structure that is located on the wall of the pericardium and posterior epithelium of the mollusk mantle. That organ, also known as amebocyte-producing organ or APO, is composed of a small quantity of primary ameboblasts that rest on a loose reticulum, which is formed by extensions of smooth muscles and fibroblasts (Jeong et al. 1983). In a recent study, Sullivan et al. (2004) reported an increase in the frequency of cell mitosis in the APO of B. glabrata following the inoculation of miracidia or cercariae antigens of S. mansoni. The mitotic ratio was intensified in Biomphalaria strai...

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Section: Cell Types In Culture -mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Primary culture of the region of the amebocyte-producing organ of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata, the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni

Barbosa

Silva

Coelho³

et al. 2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…Ces cellules sont capables d'émettre des pseudopodes ( Figure 2), d'adhérer à un corps étranger, de le phagocyter ou, lorsqu'il s'agit d'un organisme multicellulaire comme un trématode, de l'encapsuler en formant des couches concentriques autour du pathogène. L'activation cytotoxique des hémocytes conduit à la libération d'oxyde nitrique et de dérivés réactifs de l'oxygène, particulièrement toxiques pour le parasite [2,3]. De nombreuses études ont également montré que des facteurs solubles de l'hémolymphe contribuent à l'initiation ou à la modulation de la réponse cellulaire, ainsi qu'à l'induction de la dégénérescence et à la mort du parasite [4].…”

Section: Perception Historique D'une Réponse Immunitaire Simple Non unclassified

Arche de Noé immunologique

Coustau

2009

Med Sci (Paris)

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“…The compatibility between S. mansoni and Biomphalaria is established by genetic factors of the parasite and of the intermediate host (Adema & Loker 1997). Biomphalaria has an internal defence system (IDS) composed of cells (haemocytes) and soluble haemolymph factors that are stimulated in the presence of parasites (van der Knaap & Loker 1990, Gliński & Jarosz 1997, Hahn et al 2000. Parasite escape mechanisms that respond to the host IDS can assure the survival and adaptability of the parasite (Yoshino & Bayne 1983, Adema & Loker 1997.…”

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