Immune modulation by bacterial outer membrane vesicles

Kaparakis‐Liaskos, Maria; Ferrero, Richard L.

doi:10.1038/nri3837

Cited by 745 publications

(705 citation statements)

References 137 publications

(180 reference statements)

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“…For most kits, variability of particle diameters was greater in sepsis samples, indicating disease-specific changes in circulating vesicles, or interferences caused by matrix effects in serum from critically ill patients. It is also conceivable that an increased proportion of immune cell-derived EVs or bacterial outer membrane vesicles, typically ranging from 20 to 300 nm in diameter, might contribute to the broader range of particles recovered from septic sera [70,71]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of serum extracellular vesicle isolation methods for profiling miRNAs by next‐generation sequencing

Buschmann

Kirchner

Hermann

et al. 2018

J of Extracellular Vesicle

203

165

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are intercellular communicators with key functions in physiological and pathological processes and have recently garnered interest because of their diagnostic and therapeutic potential. The past decade has brought about the development and commercialization of a wide array of methods to isolate EVs from serum. Which subpopulations of EVs are captured strongly depends on the isolation method, which in turn determines how suitable resulting samples are for various downstream applications. To help clinicians and scientists choose the most appropriate approach for their experiments, isolation methods need to be comparatively characterized. Few attempts have been made to comprehensively analyse vesicular microRNAs (miRNAs) in patient biofluids for biomarker studies. To address this discrepancy, we set out to benchmark the performance of several isolation principles for serum EVs in healthy individuals and critically ill patients. Here, we compared five different methods of EV isolation in combination with two RNA extraction methods regarding their suitability for biomarker discovery-focused miRNA sequencing as well as biological characteristics of captured vesicles. Our findings reveal striking method-specific differences in both the properties of isolated vesicles and the ability of associated miRNAs to serve in biomarker research. While isolation by precipitation and membrane affinity was highly suitable for miRNA-based biomarker discovery, methods based on size-exclusion chromatography failed to separate patients from healthy volunteers. Isolated vesicles differed in size, quantity, purity and composition, indicating that each method captured distinctive populations of EVs as well as additional contaminants. Even though the focus of this work was on transcriptomic profiling of EV-miRNAs, our insights also apply to additional areas of research. We provide guidance for navigating the multitude of EV isolation methods available today and help researchers and clinicians make an informed choice about which strategy to use for experiments involving critically ill patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of serum extracellular vesicle isolation methods for profiling miRNAs by next‐generation sequencing

Buschmann

Kirchner

Hermann

et al. 2018

J of Extracellular Vesicle

203

165

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“…OMVs isolated from Gram-negative bacteria are receiving increasing interest in microbiological research (Kaparakis-Liaskos and Ferrero, 2015;Schwechheimer and Kuehn, 2015); yet, despite the vast number of Gram-negative bacteria present within the intestinal microbiota, there is a lack of studies considering the immnuoregulatory activity of OMVs derived from this population (Muraca et al, 2015). Also, the limited studies performed to date are divided in their opinion of the pontential role of OMVs in the intestinal niche.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commensal-derived OMVs elicit a mild proinflammatory response in intestinal epithelial cells

et al. 2017

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Additionally, we show that removal of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) diminishes the proinflammatory effect of secreted products from E. coli C25. Furthermore, we show that isolated OMVs have a dose-dependent proinflammatory effect on IECs. Interestingly, a relatively high concentration (10x culture concentration) of OMVs had no significant regulatory effects on TLR mRNA expression in both cell lines. Finally, we also demonstrate a that pre-incubation with E. coli C25-derived OMVs subsequently inhibited the internalisation of the bacterium itself in both cell lines. Taken together, our results suggest that commensal-derived extracellular products, in particular OMVs, could significantly contribute to intestinal homeostasis. We also demonstrate a unique interaction between commensal-derived OMVs and host cells.

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“…Composed mainly of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), lipoproteins, outer membrane proteins (OMP), numerous bacterial components -DNA, RNA, proteins, enzymes, peptidoglycan and some periplasmic components (Kaparakis-Liaskos et al, 2015). They are naturally produced by both pathogenic and nonpathogenic Gram negative bacteria like -Neisseria, Helicobacter pylori, Vibrio cholerae, Haemophilus influenzae (Schooling et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acellular outer membrane vesicles of Brucella abortus strain 19 elicits both humoral and cell mediated immune response in mice

Rose

Kumar

Jain

et al. 2018

IJAR

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Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) contain biologically active proteins, lipoolysaccharide (LPS), periplasmic and membranebound proteins and are known to perform diverse biological functions. OMVs from Brucella abortus S19 were isolated and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), SDS-PAGE and immunoreactivity was investigated by western blotting. On TEM, bilayered spherical structures of 50-200 nm were observed. SDS-PAGE of OMVs revealed approximate bands size of 82 kDa, 68 kDa, 38 kDa, 32 kDa, 29 kDa and 18 kDa. Western blot analysis of OMVs revealed a dominant immunoreactive band of 38 kDa that correspond to some major outer membrane proteins. Humoral immune response was measured by indirect ELISA which showed that OMV specific antibodies were detected from 7 th day post immunization (DPI) onwards and showed a rising trend up to 35 th DPI. Cell mediated immune (CMI) response against OMVs as evidenced by the proliferation of splenocytes have also been observed. Thus OMVs were found to possess immunogenic proteins which had potential to induce both humoral as well as cell mediated immunity. After correlating this immune response with protection it has been concluded that OMV can be used as one of the vaccine candidate against brucellosis.

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Immune modulation by bacterial outer membrane vesicles

Cited by 745 publications

References 137 publications

Evaluation of serum extracellular vesicle isolation methods for profiling miRNAs by next‐generation sequencing

Evaluation of serum extracellular vesicle isolation methods for profiling miRNAs by next‐generation sequencing

Commensal-derived OMVs elicit a mild proinflammatory response in intestinal epithelial cells

Acellular outer membrane vesicles of Brucella abortus strain 19 elicits both humoral and cell mediated immune response in mice

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