Immunité croisée entre la maladie de Carré et la peste bovine

Abstract

Immunité croisée entre ia-maladie de Carré et I� peste bovine par MM. P. GORET, P. MoRNET, Y. GILBERT et Ch. PILET (avec la collaboration de Th. Camara) _Dans une communication antérieure (1), nous avons confirmé par une ,expérimentation sur furets, en utilisant en guise de vac cin des suspensions tissulaires fraîches de virus bovipestique lapinisé (2), l'observation de J.B. POLDING et R.M. SIMPSON (3) concernant l'immunisation du chien contre la maladie de Can' é à l'aide du virus virulent de .Ja peste bovine. Nous avons, ail surplus, montré que, réciproquement, il est facile de vacciner le veau contre la peste bovine à l'aide d'une suspension splénique virulente de virus de .Carré (4). • Nos essais ultérieurs, dont nous rendons compte aujourd'hui, confirment formellement nos premiers résultats.

Protection of Cattle against Rinderpest by Vaccination with Wild-Type but Not Attenuated Strains of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus

“…Cross-reaction, cross-neutralization, and cross-protection between different morbilliviruses have been studied for many years and in many different animals, primarily focusing on the well-established relationships between measles virus (MV), canine distemper virus (CDV), and RPV ( 32 – 37 ). Much of our knowledge comes from early studies as the relationships between these viruses were established by such functional studies and before molecular techniques became available.…”

“…It is well established that naturally occurring or specifically induced antiserum against any morbillivirus cross-reacts with proteins of any other virus in the same genus ( 33 , 35 , 38 – 42 ). However, cross-protection induced by different morbilliviruses is not always a reciprocal relationship and depends a great deal on the virus strains and animals used, so that Goret et al found that wild-type CDV could protect cattle from RPV while RPV provided only partial protection of ferrets against CDV ( 32 ). On the other hand, DeLay et al found that RPV protected dogs from CDV, but the wild-type CDV did not protect cattle from RPV ( 34 ).…”

“…However, we found that the vaccine strains of PPRV are partially (S96) or completely (N75) unable to induce this immune protection in cattle. There is precedent for such an effect of attenuation in vaccine strains in that wild-type CDV protected cattle against RPV, but an attenuated vaccine strain of CDV did not offer such protection ( 32 ). It remains theoretically possible, therefore, that targeted attenuation of a wild-type PPRV isolate to create a new vaccine strain could create one that cross-protected against RPV in cattle, but such development work would not be justified, given the relatively low risk of RPV outbreaks occurring.…”