Immunity Changes in Locusta migratoria Linnaeus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) Infected by Entomopathogenic Nematode Steinernema carpocapsae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae)

Abstract

Entomopathogenic nematode (EPNs) Steinernema carpocapsae was tested against the Locusta migratoria L., 5 th instar nymphs under laboratory conditions. The mortality of nymphs maintained on three concentrations (10, 20 and 40 IJs/g) nematode-inoculated sand was particularly high. Nematode was effective, causing 100% mortality of fifth nymphal instars after third days of treatment. The impact of S. carpocapsae parasitation on L. migratoria immune defense was closely examined, after both 24-48h post treatment with LC 50 of nematode the activities of phenoloxidase (PO), peroxidase (POD), α and β estrases (ESTs) and glutathione-S-transferase (GSTs) enzymes of the whole body were estimated. S. carpocapsae affect locust causing high mortality rate, which significantly increased in concentrations and time dependent manner, this effect might be because of enzyme system distraction. These results demonstrated that, the entomopathogenic nematode broke host immunity, by the changes of enzymes activities; that provide an overview about the efficiency of nematode and its effects on L. migratoria.

Virulence of Entomopathogenic Nematodes and their Symbiotic Bacteria against Insect Pests, with Special Reference to Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): A Comprehensive Review.

“…The highest mortality rate after 120 hs of exposure Regarding the order Orthoptera, EPN S. glaseri killed almost 65% of 5 th instar nymphs of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Acrididae) within 72 hs post-infection in Egypt (Shairra, 2009). In Egypt, also, Abd-El Wahed and Elhadidy (2018) alsotestedS. carpocapsae against the 5 th instar nymphs of the migratory locust Locusta migratoria (Acrididae).…”