Immunity to <scp>SARS‐CoV</scp>‐2 infection*

Pepper, Marion

doi:10.1111/imr.13117

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…182 The dominance of hybrid immunity comes from a combination of a pool of large numbers of memory B cells specific to SARS-CoV-2, stronger neutralizing antibody titres, and infection-imprinted cytokine production from CD4 + T cells. 185 It evokes neutralizing antibodies at enhanced levels that are broad-spectrum and impart more safety against infection in contrast to the immune response produced by infection or vaccination alone. 46,92,186 Hybrid immunity exhibits intensified response due to continual exposure of the virus or its components to the immune system.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even after several months, in contrast to the uninfected individuals receiving two doses of vaccines, the individuals with hybrid immunity are better protected against further infection 182 . The dominance of hybrid immunity comes from a combination of a pool of large numbers of memory B cells specific to SARS‐CoV‐2, stronger neutralizing antibody titres, and infection‐imprinted cytokine production from CD4 + T cells 185 . It evokes neutralizing antibodies at enhanced levels that are broad‐spectrum and impart more safety against infection in contrast to the immune response produced by infection or vaccination alone 46,92,186 …”

Section: Hybrid Immunity and Memory Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

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To be remembered: B cell memory response against SARS‐CoV‐2 and its variants in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals

Ahmed,

Athavale,

Tripathi

et al. 2023

Scand J Immunol

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COVID‐19 disease has plagued the world economy and affected the overall well‐being and life of most of the people. Natural infection as well as vaccination leads to the development of an immune response against the pathogen. This involves the production of antibodies, which can neutralize the virus during future challenges. In addition, the development of cellular immune memory with memory B and T cells provides long‐lasting protection. The longevity of the immune response has been a subject of intensive research in this field. The extent of immunity conferred by different forms of vaccination or natural infections remained debatable for long. Hence, understanding the effectiveness of these responses among different groups of people can assist government organizations in making informed policy decisions. In this article, based on the publicly available data, we have reviewed the memory response generated by some of the vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2 and its variants, particularly B cell memory in different groups of individuals.

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Section: Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hybrid Immunity and Memory Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

To be remembered: B cell memory response against SARS‐CoV‐2 and its variants in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals

Ahmed,

Athavale,

Tripathi

et al. 2023

Scand J Immunol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Immunity to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection*

Pepper

2022

Immunological Reviews

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A Scoping Review of Three Dimensions for Long-Term COVID-19 Vaccination Models: Hybrid Immunity, Individual Drivers of Vaccinal Choice, and Human Errors

2022

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The virus that causes COVID-19 changes over time, occasionally leading to Variants of Interest (VOIs) and Variants of Concern (VOCs) that can behave differently with respect to detection kits, treatments, or vaccines. For instance, two vaccination doses were 61% effective against the BA.1 predominant variant, but only 24% effective when BA.2 became predominant. While doses still confer protection against severe disease outcomes, the BA.5 variant demonstrates the possibility that individuals who have received a few doses built for previous variants can still be infected with newer variants. As previous vaccines become less effective, new ones will be released to target specific variants and the whole process of vaccinating the population will restart. While previous models have detailed logistical aspects and disease progression, there are three additional key elements to model COVID-19 vaccination coverage in the long term. First, the willingness of the population to participate in regular vaccination campaigns is essential for long-term effective COVID-19 vaccination coverage. Previous research has shown that several categories of variables drive vaccination status: sociodemographic, health-related, psychological, and information-related constructs. However, the inclusion of these categories in future models raises questions about the identification of specific factors (e.g., which sociodemographic aspects?) and their operationalization (e.g., how to initialize agents with a plausible combination of factors?). While previous models separately accounted for natural- and vaccine-induced immunity, the reality is that a significant fraction of individuals will be both vaccinated and infected over the coming years. Modeling the decay in immunity with respect to new VOCs will thus need to account for hybrid immunity. Finally, models rarely assume that individuals make mistakes, even though this over-reliance on perfectly rational individuals can miss essential dynamics. Using the U.S. as a guiding example, our scoping review summarizes these aspects (vaccinal choice, immunity, and errors) through ten recommendations to support the modeling community in developing long-term COVID-19 vaccination models.

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Immunity to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection*

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

To be remembered: B cell memory response against SARS‐CoV‐2 and its variants in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals

To be remembered: B cell memory response against SARS‐CoV‐2 and its variants in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals

Immunity to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection*

A Scoping Review of Three Dimensions for Long-Term COVID-19 Vaccination Models: Hybrid Immunity, Individual Drivers of Vaccinal Choice, and Human Errors

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