Immunization to
            <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>
            in Mice Inoculated with Radiated Cercariae

Villella, J. B.; Gomberg, H.J.; Gould, S. E.

doi:10.1126/science.134.3485.1073

Cited by 54 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, none of them has been able so far to give a consistent induction of more than 40% protection. The studies of testing irradiation-attenuated cercariae as a possible vaccine against schistosomiasis were performed more than 50 years ago (Villella et al 1961;Szumlewicz and Olivier 1963). Many studies have shown that administration of live irradiation-attenuated cercariae to a large range of laboratory animals Shi et al 1990Shi et al , 1993, including nonhuman primates (Shi et al 1993;Eberl et al 2000;Torben and Hailu 2007), could provide 70-90% protection against experimental S. mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosoma japonicum: proteomics analysis of differentially expressed proteins from ultraviolet-attenuated cercariae compared to normal cercariae

Yang

et al. 2009

Parasitol Res

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Schistosomiasis is considered the most important human helminthiasis in terms of morbidity and mortality. In this study, comparative soluble proteomic analysis of normal cercariae and ultraviolet-irradiated attenuated cercariae (UVAC) from Schistosoma japonicum were carried out in view of the high efficiency of irradiation-attenuated cercariae vaccine. The results revealed that some proteins showed significant differential expression in the parasite after treatment with ultraviolet light. Total 20 protein spots were identified by mass spectrometry, corresponded to five groups according to their functions in the main that were structural and motor proteins (actin, et al.), energy metabolism associated enzymes (glyceraldehydes-3-phosphage dehydrogenase, et al.), signaling transduction pathway-associated molecules (14-3-3 protein, et al.), heat shock protein families (HSP 70 family, et al.), and other functional proteins (20S proteasome). Furthermore, our results indicated that the differential expression of the proteins by ultraviolet irradiation may be, at least partially, acquired by regulating the mRNA levels of corresponding proteins. These results may provide new clues for further exploring the mechanism of protective immunity induced by UVAC and may shed some light on the development of vaccines against schistosomiasis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosoma japonicum: proteomics analysis of differentially expressed proteins from ultraviolet-attenuated cercariae compared to normal cercariae

Yang

et al. 2009

Parasitol Res

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“…In the case of schistosomes, doses of 3-4 krad of X-or c-radiation were shown to prevent developing schistosome worms surviving to the adult pathogenic egg-laying stage while doses of 1-3 krad resulted in persistence of a small proportion of stunted and generally sterile adults (Smithers, 1962). There followed various protection studies against S. mansoni and S. japonicum in mice and repeatedly exposed rhesus monkeys using cercariae exposed to relatively low levels of radiation (Hsu et al 1962 ;Radke and Sadun, 1963 ;Sadun et al 1964 ;Smithers, 1962 ;Villella et al 1961) and most studies reported higher levels of partial protection to challenge with very low doses of radiation which allowed a small proportion of stunted worms to survive. These studies were carried out at a time when the prevailing notion, based on studies in rhesus monkeys harbouring unattenuated S. mansoni infections Terry, 1965, 1967), was that the adult worm is the prime stimulus to protection and that the schistosomula stages contribute little to the development of resistance.…”

Section: R R a D I A T E D V A C C I N E S -E S T A B L I S H M E Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation-attenuated schistosome vaccination – a brief historical perspective

Bickle

2009

Parasitology

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The high level of protection which can be induced by vaccination of a range of hosts, from rodents to primates, with live radiation-attenuated schistosome larvae offers great promise for development of a human schistosome vaccine. Studies of the irradiated vaccine models benefitted from significant funding during the 1970-90s and much was learned concerning the inducers, targets and mechanisms of immunity. Less progress was made in definition of the protective antigens involved. The application of new techniques for identifying membrane and secreted antigens has recently provided new vaccine candidates and a new impetus for schistosome vaccine development. This article is intended as an overview of some of the main lessons learned from the studies of the irradiated vaccines as a backdrop to renewed interest in schistosome vaccine development.

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“…Since the very first results from mice immunized with attenuated Schistosoma mansoni cercariae [22], where high levels of protection were observed, the search for an anti-schistosomiasis vaccine has turned out to be a huge challenge as those results has revealed difficult to be reproduced using individual antigens, even in the presence of strong adjuvants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Genetic Fusion between Sm14 and CTB does not Reduce Schistosoma mansoni Worm Burden on Intranasally Immunized BALB/c Mice

Ramos¹,

Miyasato²,

Ramos³

et al. 2010

J Vaccin Vaccinat

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Developing a vaccine against schistosomiasis would be an important advance on the control of this chronic and debilitating disease that afflicts millions of people worldwide. Herein we describe the use of the non-toxic B subunit of cholera toxin (CTB) genetically fused to Sm14-a fatty-acid binding protein from Schistosoma mansoni-as an attempt to elicit a mucosal immune response against the lung stage of this parasite by intranasal immunization. Recombinant proteins were expressed on a prokaryotic system, purified by affinity chromatography and both immunochemically and spectroscopically characterized. Intranasal immunization experiments were performed on BALB/c mice and vaccine efficacy was assessed analyzing the worm-burden after challenge infection with S. mansoni cercariae. The results demonstrate that Sm14 itself was not able to reduce the worm burden on intranasally vaccinated animals. The presence of CTB-either in intranasal coadministration with or genetically fused to Sm14-did not significantly improve the protective response of Sm14 as a worm burden reduction of only 20% could be observed. In addition to that, however, CTB demonstrated a clear anti inflammatory effect on the liver of immunized mice, which displayed hepatic granulomas around trapped eggs 15% smaller than control groups, indicating that CTB displays an immunomodulatory effect on the inflammatory responses induced by the parasite egg toxins.

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Immunization to Schistosoma mansoni in Mice Inoculated with Radiated Cercariae

Abstract: Preliminary experiments indicate that mice inoculated with cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni that have been exposed to cobalt-60 radiation in the range of 2500 to 3000 rep develop immunity to reinfection with nonradiated cercariae.

Cited by 54 publications

References 7 publications

Schistosoma japonicum: proteomics analysis of differentially expressed proteins from ultraviolet-attenuated cercariae compared to normal cercariae

Schistosoma japonicum: proteomics analysis of differentially expressed proteins from ultraviolet-attenuated cercariae compared to normal cercariae

Radiation-attenuated schistosome vaccination – a brief historical perspective

A Genetic Fusion between Sm14 and CTB does not Reduce Schistosoma mansoni Worm Burden on Intranasally Immunized BALB/c Mice

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