Immuno-genetic studies of species relationships in columbidae

Irwin, M. R.

doi:10.1007/bf02982360

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The hypothesis is that strains that are phenotypically similar share the same QTL. This method, which has been used since the introduction of congenic strains (Irwin 1939; Snell 1948, 1958, 1978), has led to many important discoveries and is the foundation for many aspects of genetic research (Flaherty 1981; Silver 1995; Snell 1948, 1958, 1978). Despite its wide use however, the common-segment method has several important but often overlooked limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing complex traits with congenic strains

et al. 2010

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Congenic strains continue to be a fundamental resource for dissecting the genetic basis of complex traits. Traditionally, genetic variants (QTLs) that account for phenotypic variation in a panel of congenic strains are sought first by comparing phenotypes for each strain to the host (reference) strain, and then by examining the results to identify a common chromosome segment that provides the best match between genotype and phenotype across the panel. However, this ‘‘common-segment’’ method has significant limitations, including the subjective nature of the genetic model and an inability to deal formally with strain phenotypes that do not fit the model. We propose an alternative that we call ‘‘sequential’’ analysis and that is based on a unique principle of QTL analysis where each strain, corresponding to a single genotype, is tested individually for QTL effects rather than testing the congenic panel collectively for common effects across heterogeneous backgrounds. A minimum spanning tree, based on principles of graph theory, is used to determine the optimal sequence of strain comparisons. For two traits in two panels of congenic strains in mice, we compared results for the sequential method with the common-segment method as well as with two standard methods of QTL analysis, namely, interval mapping and multiple linear regression. The general utility of the sequential method was demonstrated with analysis of five additional traits in congenic panels from mice and rats. Sequential analysis rigorously resolved phenotypic heterogeneity among strains in the congenic panels and found QTLs that other methods failed to detect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing complex traits with congenic strains

et al. 2010

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“…The fluids remaining after such treatment constituted the reagents specific for the respective hybrid substances. Antibody production, absorption, and agglutination testing were done as described in previous papers (for example, Irwin, 1939) except that (a) absorptions were usually done at lower dilutions of antiserum (see the tables for the dilutions used), and (b) there was no attempt to study agglutination reactions that appeared only after additional incubation at low temperatures. All reactions which appeared negative to the naked eye were checked microscopically.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, antigenic characters peculiar to each of four species of Streptopeliachinensis, humilis (or tranquebarica), orientalis and senegalensis-in contrast to risoria have been transferred to and isolated as units in risoria, following matings to risoria of the four kinds of species hybrids and selected backcross hybrids (Irwin, 1939;Irwin & Cumley, 1947;unpublished data). Among these there are four antigens which are interrelated and antithetical to each other and to an antigen of risoria (Underkofler & Irwin, 1965).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships among interaction products in hybrids between pigeons and doves, following transfer of genes between species

LaBar

Irwin

1967

Genet. Res.

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Following the transfer to the common pigeon (Columba livia) of a cellular antigen (Cg) from C. guinea, and to Streptopelia risoria of respective members of the group-8 system from chinensis and senegalensis, new combinations of these two antigenic systems were produced from matings of livia and risoria. The hybrid substances associated with the cells of each of the five new combinations of the cellular antigens were related to each other and to the usual F1-livia/risoria cells but, with the possible exception of two, were definitely differentiated from each other. Cross-reactivities of the reagents for the hybrid substances were also observed, primarily with heterozygotes of the group-8 system of Streptopelia. Evidence is thus provided that the interaction takes place primarily if not entirely between the genes of the C-system of Columba and the group-8 system of Streptopelia.

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“…A segregation of nine celjular antigens specific to chinensis in contrast with risoria has been observed as a result of successive backcrosses to risoria of hybrids and backcross hybrids from matings between chinensis and risoria (Irwin [5]). Parallel procedures have resulted in the isolation of antigens which are peculiar to senegalensis (Irwin and Cole [7] ; Irwin and Cumley [8]) and to humilis and orientalis in contrast to risoria (Irwin, unpublished data).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furtber details of these serological technics have been published previously (Irwin and Cole [6], Irwin [5]). In the agglutination tests, complete absence of clumping constituted a negative test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%