Immunochemical and Protective Properties of Conjugated Capsular Polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 9N

Chemical synthesis of polysaccharide–protein and polysaccharide–peptide conjugates: A review

“…EDC/NHS-promoted condensation can also link two carboxyl groups or two amines with a difunctional linker. For example, carboxyl groups from Streptococcus pneumoniae type 9N capsular polysaccharide and carrier protein tetanus toxoid were appended to the ends of adipic acid dihydrazide (Nuriev, Galvidis, Yastrebova, & Burkin, 2018).…”

“…Many polysaccharides, such as cellulose and some of its derivatives, are in approved pharmaceutical formulations, and/or on the FDA Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) list. Polysaccharide-protein conjugates can show good stability in the GI tract (Zhou et al, 2018), vaccine immunogenicity (Nuriev, Galvidis, Yastrebova, & Burkin, 2018), and lower toxicity (Ferguson, Alshame, & Thomas, 2010) compared to native proteins. For example, hyaluronic acid (HA), a copolymer of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid (→4)-β-D-GlcpA-(1 → 3)-β-D-GlcpNAc-(1→), can bind with CD44, a glycoprotein that is abundant on the surface of some tumor cells (Peach, Hollenbaugh, Stamenkovic, & Aruffo, 1993).…”