Immunocytochemical characterization of the accessory medulla in the cockroach Leucophaea maderae

Petri, Bernhard; Stengl, Monika; W�rden, Stefan; Homberg, Uwe

doi:10.1007/s004410050454

Cited by 24 publications

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“…In the medulla, several medial layers showed FMRFamide immunoreactivity, additionally to the characteristic fiber fan along the anterior surface of the medulla ( Fig. 2a; Petri et al 1995). The FMRFamide-ir fiber fan connected the AMe to the medulla and lamina (Fig.…”

Section: Immunoreactivity In the Optic Lobesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Computer modeling experiments have suggested that, other than PDF, at least one other peptide must be involved in maintaining circadian rhythms via phase advances (Petri and Stengl 2001). Approximately 35 neurons adjacent to the AMe have previously been shown to be FMRFamide-ir (Petri et al 1995). However, whether and in what manner they belong to the various soma groups of AMe neurons remain unknown (Reischig and Stengl 2003b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The ∼250 AMe-associated neurons form six anatomically distinguishable groups according to soma size and location (Reischig and Stengl 2003b). The AMe neurons appear to be abundant in various neuropeptides and, thus, can be further distinguished by a variety of peptide antisera (Petri et al 1995;Hofer and Homberg 2006b). Among these neurons are pigment dispersing factor (PDF)-like-immunoreactive (PDF-ir) neurons, which control circadian locomotor activity rhythms in this cockroach (Stengl and Homberg 1994;Reischig and Stengl 2003a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examination of the role of FMRFamide-related peptides in the circadian clock of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae

et al. 2008

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The accessory medulla, the circadian clock of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae, is abundant in neuropeptides. Among these neuropeptides are the FMRFamide-related peptides (FaRPs), which generally share the C-terminal RFamide. As a first step toward understanding the functional role of FaRPs in the circadian clock of the cockroach, immunocytochemistry with antisera against various FaRPs, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and injections of two FaRPs combined with running-wheel assays were performed. Prominent FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity was found in maximally four soma clusters associated with the accessory medulla and in most neuropils of the protocerebrum. By MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, various extended FMRFamides of the cockroach L. maderae were partially identified in thoracic perisympathetic organs, structures known to accumulate extended FMRFamides in insects. By mass match, several of these peptides were also detected in the accessory medulla. Injections of FMRFamide and Pea-FMRFa-7 (DRSDNFIRF-NH(2)) into the vicinity of the accessory medulla caused time-dependent phase-shifts of locomotor activity rhythms at circadian times 8, 18, and 4. Thus, our data suggest a role for the different FaRPs in the control of circadian locomotor activity rhythms in L. maderae.

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Section: Immunoreactivity In the Optic Lobesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examination of the role of FMRFamide-related peptides in the circadian clock of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae

et al. 2008

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“…Accessory medullae have been identified both in hemimetabolous (Homberg et al 1991;Stengl and Homberg 1994;Petri et al 1995;Würden and Homberg 1995) and in holometabolous insects (Hanström 1940;Hagberg 1986;Fleissner et al 1993;Helfrich-Förster 1995a). In some insect groups, e.g., Orthoptera and Lepidoptera, the accessory medulla is a clearly recognizable entity (Homberg et al 1991;Ichikawa 1994), whereas in others such as Diptera, it appears to be largely fused with the adjacent medulla (Helfrich-Förster and Homberg 1993;Helfrich-Förster 1995a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Since all PDH-immunoThis study was supported by DFG grants Ho 950-6, Ho 950/4-3, and Ho 950/9-1. reactive neurons appear to arborize in the accessory medulla, this neuropil might be the circadian pacemaking center of these insects (Helfrich-Förster 1995a;Petri et al 1995;Würden and Homberg 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of pigment-dispersing hormone-like immunoreactivity in the brain of the locust Schistocerca gregaria : comparison with immunostaining for urotensin I and Mas-allatotropin

Homberg

Prakash

1996

Cell and Tissue Research

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The development of peptide phenotypes in the lamina and accessory medulla of the locust brain (Schistocerca gregaria) was studied using antisera against pigment-dispersing hormone (PDH), urotensin I, and Masallatotropin. PDH-like immunoreactivity was first detected as 45% of embryonic development in somata at the base of the optic lobe. In the 55% embryo, processes from these neurons (PDFMe cells) extended into the developing accessory medulla and into the lamina and, by 85% of embryogenesis, innervated all major targets in the brain. At 65% of embryogenesis, two additional cell groups near the lamina (PDFLa cells) were immunostained; they appeared to connect the lamina to the medulla. Local neurons of the lamina and accessory medulla had somata adjacent to the PDFLa and PDFMe cells and exhibited urotensin-I-like immunostaining and Masallatotropin-like immunostaining, respectively. Immunostaining in these neurons occurred first in their arborizations in the lamina (anti-urotensin I, 50% of embryogenesis) and accessory medulla (anti-Mas-allatotropin, 65% of embryogenesis), whereas their cell bodies became immunostained at 70% and 100% of embryogenesis, respectively. The results suggest a developmental role for PDH-related peptides during pathfinding of the PDFMe projection neurons; such a function can be excluded for peptides related to urotensin I and Mas-allatotropin in local neurons of the lamina and accessory medulla. The developmental migration of PDFMe-and Mas-allatotropin-immunostained cells from the central brain into the optic lobe suggests a central-brain origin of the accessory medulla.& k w d :

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Anatomy and physiology of neurons with processes in the accessory medulla of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae

Loesel

Homberg

2001

J of Comparative Neurology

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The accessory medulla (AMe), a small neuropil in the insect optic lobe, has been proposed to serve a circadian pacemaker function analogous to the role of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in mammals. Building upon considerable knowledge of the circadian system of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae, we investigated the properties of AMe neurons in this insect with intracellular recordings combined with dye injections. Responses of neurons with processes in the AMe to visual stimuli, including stationary white light, moving objects, and polarized light were compared with the responses of adjacent medulla tangential neurons. Neurons with processes in the AMe and additional ramifications in the medulla strongly responded to stationary light stimuli and might, therefore, be part of photic entrainment pathways to the clock. Accessory medulla neurons lacking significant processes in the medulla but with projections to the midbrain or to the contralateral optic lobe, in contrast, responded weakly or not at all to light and, thus, seem to be part of the clock's output pathway. Two types of commissural neurons with tangential arborizations in both medullae were sensitive to polarized light, suggesting a role of these neurons in celestial navigation. Sidebranches in the AMae of one of the two cell types are discussed with respect to a possible involvement of the AMe in polarization vision. Finally, neurons responding to movement stimuli did not arborize in the AMe. The results show that the AMe receives photic input and support a role of this neuropil in circadian timekeeping functions.

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Immunocytochemical characterization of the accessory medulla in the cockroach Leucophaea maderae

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Examination of the role of FMRFamide-related peptides in the circadian clock of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae

Examination of the role of FMRFamide-related peptides in the circadian clock of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae

Development of pigment-dispersing hormone-like immunoreactivity in the brain of the locust Schistocerca gregaria : comparison with immunostaining for urotensin I and Mas-allatotropin

Anatomy and physiology of neurons with processes in the accessory medulla of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae

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