Immunocytochemical evidence for the existence of GABAergic neurons in the nucleus raphe dorsalis. possible existence of neurons containing serotonin and GABA

Nanopoulos, D.; Belin, Marie‐Françoise; Maître, Michel; Vincendon, G.; Pujol, Jean‐François

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(82)90281-5

Cited by 145 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Dopamine and norepinephrine-containing neurons have been identified in the DRN, though only sparsely scattered throughout the nucleus (Ochi and Shimizu, 1978;Nagatsu et al, 1979), making them unlikely candidates for the identity of the non-5-HT cells recorded in this study. Glutamatecontaining cell bodies are localized to the ventromedial DRN (Clements et al, 1991) and GABAergic cells are found densely throughout the DRN (Nanopoulos et al, 1982;Belin et al, 1983), thus they more likely account for some of our non-5-HT cells. Some of the peptides are also potential candidates: enkephalin-containing cells are concentrated along the DRN midline (Moss et al, 1981), substance P-containing cells are also found in large numbers (Moss et al, 1981;Charara and Parent, 1998), and neurotensin-containing cells are found particularly in the ventromedial subdivision of the nucleus (Shipley et al, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Distinguishing characteristics of serotonin and non-serotonin-containing cells in the dorsal raphe nucleus: electrophysiological and immunohistochemical studies

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The membrane properties and receptor-mediated responses of rat dorsal raphe nucleus neurons were measured using intracellular recording techniques in a slice preparation. After each experiment, the recorded neuron was filled with neurobiotin and immunohistochemically identified as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-immunopositive or 5-HT-immunonegative. The cellular characteristics of all recorded neurons conformed to previously determined classic properties of serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus neurons: slow, rhythmic activity in spontaneously active cells, broad action potential and large afterhyperpolarization potential. Two electrophysiological characteristics were identified that distinguished 5-HT from non-5-HT-containing cells in this study. In 5-HT-immunopositive cells, the initial phase of the afterhyperpolarization potential was gradual (tau=7.3±1.9) and in 5-HTimmunonegative cells it was abrupt (tau=1.8±0.6). In addition, 5-HT-immunopositive cells had a shorter membrane time constant (tau=21.4±4.4) than 5-HT-immunonegative cells (tau=33.5±4.2). Interestingly, almost all recorded neurons were hyperpolarized in response to stimulation of the inhibitory 5-HT 1A receptor. These results suggested that 5-HT 1A receptors are present on non-5-HT as well as 5-HT neurons. This was confirmed by immunohistochemistry showing that although the majority of 5-HT-immunopositive cells in the dorsal raphe nucleus were double-labeled for 5-HT 1A receptor-IR, a small but significant population of 5-HT-immunonegative cells expressed the 5-HT 1A receptor. These results underscore the heterogeneous nature of the dorsal raphe nucleus and highlight two membrane properties that may better distinguish 5-HT from non-5-HT cells than those typically reported in the literature. In addition, these results present electrophysiological and anatomical evidence for the presence of 5-HT 1A receptors on non-5-HT neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus.Keywords 5-HT; 5-HT 1A receptor; intracellular; slice; rat The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is generally considered a serotonergic nucleus because it is the largest source of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) terminals in the forebrain. However, substantial evidence points to the heterogeneous nature of the DRN. For example, the proportion of 5-HT-containing cells in the DRN is estimated to range from one to two thirds (Steinbusch et al., 1980;Descarries et al., 1982;Jacobs and Azmitia, 1992;Baumgarten and Grozdanovic, 1997). The remaining non-serotonergic cells contain a variety of other neurotransmitters and neuromodulators including dopamine, norepinephrine, glutamate, *Corresponding author: Tel: +1-215-590-0656; fax: +1-215-590-0109. kirbyl@email.chop.edu (L. G. Kirby). NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptNeuroscience. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2010 March 5. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptGABA, enkephalin, substance P, neuropeptide Y, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, cholecystokinin, gastrin and neurotensin (for review...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Distinguishing characteristics of serotonin and non-serotonin-containing cells in the dorsal raphe nucleus: electrophysiological and immunohistochemical studies

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…GALR1 in the vPAG could be expressed in GABA interneurons, which are known to inhibit 5-HT neurons directly (116)(117)(118)(119)(120)(121)(122)(123)(124)(125)(126)(127). Moreover, some 5-HT neurons in the rat and mouse lateral wings are GABA/GAD + (70,117,(128)(129)(130)(131), and thus probably corelease GABA and 5-HT. More recent studies report that of the ascending 5-HT neurons (132)(133)(134), 16% are GABAergic and project to the medial prefrontal cortex (135), as also suggested by electrophysiological studies (136).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression-like behavior in rat: Involvement of galanin receptor subtype 1 in the ventral periaqueductal gray

Wang

Barde

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The neuropeptide galanin coexists in rat brain with serotonin in the dorsal raphe nucleus and with noradrenaline in the locus coeruleus (LC), and it has been suggested to be involved in depression. We studied rats exposed to chronic mild stress (CMS), a rodent model of depression. As expected, these rats showed several endophenotypes relevant to depression-like behavior compared with controls. All these endophenotypes were normalized after administration of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. The transcripts for galanin and two of its receptors, galanin receptor 1 (GALR1) and GALR2, were analyzed with quantitative real-time PCR using laser capture microdissection in the following brain regions: the hippocampal formation, LC, and ventral periaqueductal gray (vPAG). Only Galr1 mRNA levels were significantly increased, and only in the latter region. After knocking down Galr1 in the vPAG with an siRNA technique, all parameters of the depressive behavioral phenotype were similar to controls. Thus, the depression-like behavior in rats exposed to CMS is likely related to an elevated expression of Galr1 in the vPAG, suggesting that a GALR1 antagonist could have antidepressant effects.dorsal raphe | neuropeptide | siRNA | stress | transmitter coexistence T he indoleamine hypothesis of depression was formulated some five decades ago (1, 2), in parallel with the catecholamine hypothesis (3, 4), and has been supported by the success of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for treatment of major depression (MD) (5). However, in a considerable number of cases, SSRIs are associated with side effects or lack of efficacy. For example, after treatment with SSRIs, only one-third of patients obtain full remission of symptoms (6). Therefore, there is an ongoing search for new medications targeting mood disorders, such as MD and anxiety. Here, neuropeptides and their receptors, the most diverse family of neurotransmitters in the brain (7), have been extensively explored (5,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17), including galanin and its three receptors.Galanin is a 29-aa (30-aa in humans) neuropeptide (18) with a wide distribution in the rat brain (19,20), where it is coexpressed with noradrenaline/norepinephrine (NA) in locus coeruleus (LC) neurons and with 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) neurons (21-25). There are three galanin receptors, GALR1-GALR3, which all belong to the family of seven transmembrane-spanning, G protein-coupled receptors (26-29). They are found in many areas of the rat brain, as first shown with autoradiographic ligand-binding methodology (30, 31), and later with in situ hybridization (ISH)/quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) (32-36). The galanin system has been associated with numerous physiological and pathophysiological functions (29), including depression-and anxiety-like behaviors.There is early evidence from studies on the rat that central administration of galanin influences mood-related behavior in a region-specific way (37, 38), and also that galanin is prodepres...

show abstract

“…Nevertheless, even if typical EC cells with pleiomorphic secretory granules were never seen marked with high-resolution autoradiography, it is not excluded that other cells containing serotonin could perhaps interact with GABA. As a matter of fact, neurons containing both serotonin and GABA have already been reported in the central nervous system (Nanopoulos et al 1982;Gamrani et al 1984).…”

Section: Immunocytochemical and Autoradiographic Localization Of Gabamentioning

confidence: 98%

Immunocytochemical and autoradiographic studies of the endocrine cells interacting with GABA in the rat stomach

et al. 1990

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are now increasing evidences suggesting that GABA is able of direct interaction with certain endocrine cells. In the present study, highly specific anti-GABA-glutaraldehyde antibodies and 3H-GABA uptake were used at the light and electron microscope levels to investigate the occurrence of cells containing endogenous GABA or taking up exogenous GABA in the mucosal antrum and corpus of the rat stomach. Only certain endocrine cell types of both regions were immunostained or grain-labelled. However, the morphology of their secretory granules did not allow to identify the nature of their hormone with certainty but suggested that somatostatin-like cells could interact with GABA. The combination of gastrin and somatostatin immunodetection with 3H-GABA uptake autoradiography at the light microscope level, revealed that a subpopulation of somatostatin-like cells and other still unidentified endocrine cells are able to take up GABA, while the gastrin-like cells are not. These results rei... Summary. There are now increasing evidences suggesting that GABA is able of direct interaction with certain endocrine cells. In the present study, highly specific anti-GABAglutaraldehyde antibodies and aH-GABA uptake were used at the light and electron microscope levels to investigate the occurrence of cells containing endogenous GABA or taking up exogenous GABA in the mucosal antrum and corpus of the rat stomach. Only certain endocrine cell types of both regions were immunostained or grain-labelled. However, the morphology of their secretory granules did not allow to identify the nature of their hormone with certainty but suggested that somatostatin-like cells could interact with GABA. The combination of gastrin and somatostatin immunodetection with aH-GABA uptake autoradiography at the light microscope level, revealed that a subpopulation of somatostatin-like cells and other still unidentified endocrine cells are able to take up GABA, while the gastrin-like cells are not. These results reinforce the hypothesis that certain endocrine cell types of the diffuse endocrine system of the digestive tract are able to directly interact with GABA.

show abstract

Immunocytochemical evidence for the existence of GABAergic neurons in the nucleus raphe dorsalis. possible existence of neurons containing serotonin and GABA

Cited by 145 publications

References 51 publications

Distinguishing characteristics of serotonin and non-serotonin-containing cells in the dorsal raphe nucleus: electrophysiological and immunohistochemical studies

Distinguishing characteristics of serotonin and non-serotonin-containing cells in the dorsal raphe nucleus: electrophysiological and immunohistochemical studies

Depression-like behavior in rat: Involvement of galanin receptor subtype 1 in the ventral periaqueductal gray

Immunocytochemical and autoradiographic studies of the endocrine cells interacting with GABA in the rat stomach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About