Immunogenicity of κ-Casein and Glycomacropeptide

Mikkelsen, Torben; Rasmussen, E. Wulff; Olsen, Asger Hegelund; Barkholt, Vibeke; Frøkiær, Hanne

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(06)72145-2

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…BGMP is produced both physiologically as a result of the digestion of κ‐casein in the stomach of neonates, and in the industry as a part of the whey produced during the cheese‐making process. As a nutrient, BGMP has an excellent safety record and in accordance with this, a recent study has described that it is not immunogenic, because it fails to induce T‐cell‐specific responses in mice, even when given in polymerised form, in contrast with the parent protein ( Mikkelsen et al ., 2006 ). As a consequence, this peptide is used in the production of infant formulas and due to its low content on aromatic amino acids, including phenylalanine, BGMP has been proposed to be useful in the making of products for individuals with phenylketonuria ( Nakai and Modler, 1999 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Bovine glycomacropeptide ameliorates experimental rat ileitis by mechanisms involving downregulation of interleukin 17

Requena

Daddaoua

Martinez-Plata

et al. 2008

British J Pharmacology

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Background and purpose: Bovine glycomacropeptide (BGMP) is an inexpensive, non-toxic milk peptide with antiinflammatory effects in rat experimental colitis but its mechanism of action is unclear. It is also unknown whether BGMP can ameliorate inflammation in proximal regions of the intestine. Our aim was therefore two-fold: first, to determine the antiinflammatory activity of BGMP in the ileum; second, to characterise its mechanism of action. Experimental approach: We used a model of ileitis induced by trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid in rats. Rats were treated orally with BGMP and its efficacy compared with that of oral 5-aminosalicylic acid or vehicle, starting 2 days before ileitis induction. Key results: BGMP pretreatment (500 mg kg À1 day À1 ) resulted in marked reduction of inflammatory injury, as assessed by lower extension of necrosis and damage score, myeloperoxidase, alkaline phosphatase, inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin 1b, tumour necrosis factor and interleukin 17. These effects were generally comparable to those of 5-aminosalicylic acid (200 mg kg À1 day À1 ). Neither compound affected the production of interferon g, tumour necrosis factor and interleukin 2 by mesenteric lymph node cells isolated from animals with ileitis. The expression of Foxp3 was increased in ileitis and not reduced significantly by BGMP or aminosalicylate treatment. Conclusions and implications:These results demonstrate that BGMP has anti-inflammatory activity in the ileum with similar efficacy to 5-aminosalicylic acid. The mechanism of action may involve Th17 and regulatory T cells and perhaps macrophages but probably not Th1 lymphocytes. Patients with Crohn's ileitis may benefit from treatment with BGMP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Bovine glycomacropeptide ameliorates experimental rat ileitis by mechanisms involving downregulation of interleukin 17

Requena

Daddaoua

Martinez-Plata

et al. 2008

British J Pharmacology

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“…It is composed of 64 amino acids and contains varying units of N-acetylneuraminic (sialic) acid [4]. GMP has an excellent safety record and is not immunogenic [5]. Our previous studies have shown that GMP administration prevents allergen sensitization by reducing allergen-specific IgE titers and suppressing the proliferation of splenocytes and their production of interleukin (IL)-13 in sensitized animals, which reduces the severity of immediate cutaneous reaction and anaphylaxis induced by allergens [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Mechanisms Underlying the Therapeutic Effect of Glycomacropeptide on Allergy: Change in Gut Microbiota, Upregulation of TGF-β, and Inhibition of Mast Cells

Jiménez¹,

Cervantes‐García²,

Muñoz³

et al. 2016

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: The prevalence of allergic diseases is globally increasing. We have previously described that glycomacropeptide (GMP), a bioactive milk peptide, has therapeutic value in experimental models of skin hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis, and asthma, as it prevents an excessive T helper type 2 cell immune response. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of GMP on key elements directly involved in the development or control of allergy, in order to improve the precise knowledge about its mechanism of action. Methods: Rats were systemically sensitized with ovalbumin and orally treated with GMP. Levels of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides were analyzed in their feces. Splenocytes were isolated and the production of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β by allergens was measured. Intradermal skin reactions were developed to evaluate in vivo activation of mast cells. Peritoneal mast cells were isolated and activated by the allergen, and histamine secretion was determined. Results: GMP administration increased the amount of intestinal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium of allergen-sensitized animals after 3 days of treatment. The increase in Bacteroides was also significant, but only after 17 days of GMP administration. Ten days after treatment cessation, Lactobacillus and Bacteroides were still elevated. GMP intake also elevated the production of TGF-β in the splenocytes of sensitized animals. In addition, treatment with GMP attenuated mast cell activation by the allergen and inhibited histamine secretion, without affecting the number of mast cells. Conclusions: The prebiotic action of GMP on allergy-protective microbiota, an increase in TGF-β production, and a reduction in mast cell response to allergens are novel mechanisms that explain the antiallergic activity of GMP.

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“…mutans, sanguis and sobrinus to oral surfaces [4,7,[12][13][14]18], and it can modify the composition of plaque bacteria to control its acid production and in turn reduce the demineralisation of enamel and promote remineralisation [1,11,16]. The GMP is a source of N-acetyl-necromantic acid [17] and one study showed that dietary intake of GMP can increase the sialic acid content of saliva, with effects on its viscosity and protective function [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The inhibitory effect of glycomacropeptide on dental erosion

Nejad

Kanekanian

Tatham

2009

Dairy Sci. Technol.

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-Throughout the world, the consumption of acidic foods, soft drinks and fruit juices has increased and has been associated with a rise in dental problems such as caries and erosion. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of glycomacropeptide (GMP) against dental erosion and to compare the effect with that of caseinophosphopeptides (CPP). To assess the contribution of the calcium content of these peptides and their protection, calcium-reduced GMP (GMP-ca) and calcium-reduced CPP (CPP-ca) were studied. Hydroxyapatite was used as the tooth model. At a pH of 3, the protective effect of GMP was superior to that of CPP; however, CPP performed better at a pH of 4.5. The effect of GMP-ca and CPP-ca was evident only at a pH of 4.5, when compared with native GMP and CPP. These findings indicate that the calcium content of the peptide may have a role in protection against mineral loss from teeth. However, the pH of the erosive solution was the most influential factor contributing to erosion.glycomacropeptide / caseinophosphopeptide / calcium / dental erosionRésumé -Effet inhibiteur du glycomacropeptide sur l'érosion dentaire. La consommation mondiale d'aliments acides, de boissons non alcoolisées et de jus de fruit a augmenté et a été associée à l'élévation des problèmes dentaires tels que caries et érosion. Le but de cette étude a été d'examiner l'effet protecteur du glycomacropeptide (GMP) envers l'érosion dentaire et de le comparer à celui des caséinophosphopeptides (CPP). De plus, pour évaluer la contribution de la teneur en calcium de ces peptides à leur effet protecteur, des GMP et CPP à teneur réduite en calcium ont été également étudiés. L'hydroxyapatite a été utilisée comme dent modèle. À pH 3, l'effet protecteur du GPM était supérieur à celui du CPP. Le CPP donnait cependant de meilleurs résultats à pH 4,5. L'effet de la réduction du calcium était évident seulement à pH 4,5 par comparaison aux GPM et CPP natifs. Ces résultats indiquent que la teneur en calcium du peptide peut avoir un rôle Article published by EDP Sciences dans la protection contre la perte minérale des dents. Cependant, le pH de la solution érosive est le facteur d'influence majeur contribuant à l'érosion.glycomacropeptide / caséinophosphopeptide / calcium / érosion dentaire

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Immunogenicity of κ-Casein and Glycomacropeptide

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Bovine glycomacropeptide ameliorates experimental rat ileitis by mechanisms involving downregulation of interleukin 17

Bovine glycomacropeptide ameliorates experimental rat ileitis by mechanisms involving downregulation of interleukin 17

Novel Mechanisms Underlying the Therapeutic Effect of Glycomacropeptide on Allergy: Change in Gut Microbiota, Upregulation of TGF-β, and Inhibition of Mast Cells

The inhibitory effect of glycomacropeptide on dental erosion

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