Immunoglobulin (Gm) Allotypes in a Sample of Upper-Caste Hindus from Bengal, India

Ray, Ajit Kisor; Field, Leigh

doi:10.1159/000153238

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Sikhs or Muslims) is either very low or they are even completely absent. This follows from studies on Punjabis (Daveau et al, 1980), higher and lower caste Hindus from Northwest India (Schanfield and Kirk, 1981), upper-caste Hindus from Bengal (Ray and Field, 1981), Sikhs (Field et al, 1988), and Brahmins, Kalitas, Kaibartas, and Muslims from Assam (Walter et al, 1987). All these population groups are characterized by the clear prevalence of the "Caucasoid" array of GM haplotypes, namely GM'1,17;21,26;GM* 1,2,17;21,26;and GM'3;5,10,11,13,14,26.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GM and KM allotypes in eight tribal populations of madyha Pradesh and Orissa, India

et al. 1997

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SummarySerum samples from eight endogamous Indian tribal populations of Madhya Pradesh (Dhurwa, Halba, Bhatra, Muria, Maria) and Orissa (Deshia Khond, Binjhal, Kisan) with a total of n--731 unrelated individuals were typed for G1M (1,2,3,17), G3M (5,10,11,13,14,15,16,21, 26), and KM (1). In seven of these populations five different GM haplotypes were found: GM*1, 17;21,26; GM*l, lZ'lO,11,13,15,16; GM*I,2, 17;21,26; GM*1,3,'5,10,11,13,14,26; and GM'3;5,10,11,13,14,26. In the Kisan sample the haplotype GM* 1,2,17," 21,26 is absent. The intergroup variability in the distribution of these haplotypes is considerable and statistically highly significant. The reasons for that can be attributed to the ethnohistory and to the genetic isolation of these eight endogamous tribal populations. Yhe GM haplotype distribution pattern of all these groups is quite different from that of the non-tribal populations of India, whereas it is in good agreement with that of the so far tested other tribal populations from India. This can be explained by different origin and history of the Indian tribal and non-tribal populations. In the KM system, too, remarkable variability is seen in the distribution of phenotype and allele frequencies among the eight tribal populations under study.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, in view of the complexity of the GM polymorphism, our knowledge concerning the distribution of GM allotypes among Indian populations is still limited. Larger sets ofGM allotypes have been examined so far only by Daveau et al (1980), Ray and Field (1981), Schanfield and Kirk (1981), Field et al (1988) and Walter et al (1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GM and KM allotypes in eight tribal populations of madyha Pradesh and Orissa, India

et al. 1997

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Distribution of Gm and Km allotypes among ten populations of Assam, India

Walter

Matsumoto

Miyazaki

et al. 1987

American J Phys Anthropol

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Serum samples from ten endogamous populations of Assam, India-Brahmins, Kalitas, Kaibartas, Muslims, Ahoms, Karbis, Kacharis, Sonowals, Chutiyas, and Rajbanshis-were typed for G1m (1, 2, 3, 17), G3m (5, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 21, 26), and Km (1). Among Brahmins, Kalitas, Kaibartas, Muslims, Ahoms, Sonowals, Chutiyas, and Rajbanshis, five different Gm haplotypes were found: Gm1,17;21,26; Gm1,17;10,11,13,15,16; Gm1,2,17;21,26; Gm1,3;5,10,11,13,14,26; and Gm3;5,10,11,13,14,26. Kacharis and Karbis show only four of these haplotypes: Gm3;5,10,11,13,14,26 is absent among them. The intergroup variability in the distribution of these haplotypes is considerable, which can be explained by the ethnohistory of these populations. Genetic distance analysis, in which five Chinese population samples were included, revealed the existence of three main clusters: 1) North and Central Chinese; 2) Kalitas, Kaibartas, Chutiyas, Rajbanshis, Muslims, and Brahmins; and 3) Ahoms, Sonowals, Kacharis, South Chinese, and Karbis. The clusters suggest some genetic relation between these four Assamese populations and South Chinese, which is again understandable considering the ethnohistory of the populations of Northeast India. In the Km system, too, a remarkable variability is seen in distribution of phenotype and allele frequency.

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Immunoglobulin (GM and KM) allotypes in the Sikh population of India

Field

Surje²,

Ray

1988

American J Phys Anthropol

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The populations of India are genetically diverse, both within and between geographic regions; immunoglobulin (GM) allotypes provide important information on genetic differences between populations, since the frequencies of combinations of allotypes (termed "haplotypes") vary dramatically among ethnic groups. As part of a project to assess genetic diversity among defined Indian populations, we have examined eight GM allotypes in a sample of 101 unrelated Sikhs who have migrated to Toronto, Canada: Glm(1, 2, 3, 17) and G3m (5, 15, 16, 21). Sikhs are a religious group that arose in the Punjab about 1500 A.D.; most of the original converts are believed to have been middle to upper-middle caste Hindus. Gm allotyping showed that six Gm haplotypes occurred at polymorphic frequencies (greater than 0.01) in Sikhs: Gm3;5, Gm1,17;21, Gm1,2,17;21, Gm1,17;5, Gm1,17;15,16, and Gm1,3;5. These haplotypes have all been previously reported in Indian populations. The frequencies of the first four haplotypes resembled the published frequencies for lower-caste Hindus of NW India more than upper-caste Hindus. However, the last two haplotypes have been found only in upper-caste Hindus. The frequency of one of these, Gm1,17;15,16 was higher in Sikhs (0.09) than has been reported in any Indian population with the exception of Parsis (who are descended from Iranians). We speculate that the high frequency of this haplotype may have been characteristic of some of the Hindu castes in the Punjab from which Sikhs are descended.

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Immunoglobulin (Gm) Allotypes in a Sample of Upper-Caste Hindus from Bengal, India

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

GM and KM allotypes in eight tribal populations of madyha Pradesh and Orissa, India

GM and KM allotypes in eight tribal populations of madyha Pradesh and Orissa, India

Distribution of Gm and Km allotypes among ten populations of Assam, India

Immunoglobulin (GM and KM) allotypes in the Sikh population of India

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