2003
DOI: 10.1007/s00414-002-0290-2
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Immunohistochemical demonstration of the amphetamine derivatives 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) in human post-mortem brain tissues and the pituitary gland

Abstract: Abuse of amphetamine derivatives such as 3,4methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) is an important issue in current forensic practice and fatalities are not infrequent. Therefore, we investigated an immunohistochemical method to detect the amphetamine analogues MDMA and MDA in human tissues. For the staining procedure, the Catalysed Signal Amplification (CSA) method using peroxidase (HRP) provided by Dako ® and specific monoclonal antibodies were used. Appropriate controls… Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…Immunohistochemical investigation revealed the encephalic distribution of the substance. De Letter et al [37], in MDMA-related fatal cases, demonstrated a marked immunoreactivity (anti-MDMA) corresponding to neurons in all cortical regions, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, hippocampus, cerebellar vermis, and white matter. Our previous experimental study confirmed the topographic distribution of MDMA, showing a different distribution of MDMA over time, with a markedly positive reaction in the basal ganglia and thalamus in rats sacrificed at 6 h after treatment, and a subsequent weaker uniform positivity in the frontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus, and thalamus (16-24 h) [6].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…Immunohistochemical investigation revealed the encephalic distribution of the substance. De Letter et al [37], in MDMA-related fatal cases, demonstrated a marked immunoreactivity (anti-MDMA) corresponding to neurons in all cortical regions, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, hippocampus, cerebellar vermis, and white matter. Our previous experimental study confirmed the topographic distribution of MDMA, showing a different distribution of MDMA over time, with a markedly positive reaction in the basal ganglia and thalamus in rats sacrificed at 6 h after treatment, and a subsequent weaker uniform positivity in the frontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus, and thalamus (16-24 h) [6].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…A lipophilic toxin-induced process was considered to be due to contaminants and induced or enhanced by cerebral hypoxia, but a definite toxin could not be identified [8, 9]. Further support is given by the fact that the amphetamine derivatives 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in all cortical brain regions and the neurons of the basal ganglia, the hypothalamus, the hippocampus, and the cerebellar vermis of two amphetamine abuse fatalities [10]. Immunoreactivity was also seen in the white matter [10].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Further support is given by the fact that the amphetamine derivatives 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in all cortical brain regions and the neurons of the basal ganglia, the hypothalamus, the hippocampus, and the cerebellar vermis of two amphetamine abuse fatalities [10]. Immunoreactivity was also seen in the white matter [10]. One gene expression analysis of amphetamine administration in rats showed significantly altered gene expression for genes related to transcription factors, cellular stress/molecular chaperones, signalling pathways, synaptic function, protein synthesis/degradation, and others [11].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…MDMA interacts with various neurotransmitter circuits but predominantly affects the dopaminergic and serotonergic system [186,[188][189][190][191]. In human post mortem tissue, a distinct immunopositive reaction for MDMA and MDA was observed in the white matter in all cortical regions and in neurones of the basal ganglia, the hypo-thalamus, the hippocampus and the cerebellar vermis, but relatively weak staining of neurones in the brainstem was seen [192].…”
Section: Amphetamine and Methamphetamine Derivativesmentioning
confidence: 99%