2021
DOI: 10.1111/cup.14041
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Immunohistochemical expression of PAX8, PAX2, and cytokeratin in melanomas

Abstract: Background Deviations from the classic melanocytic immunophenotype in melanoma can present a diagnostic challenge. PAX8 and PAX2 are common markers for renal or Müllerian differentiation. While most PAX8+ or PAX2+ carcinomas are seldom confused with melanoma, some cases may show a more ambiguous immunophenotype, especially when MiTF family altered renal cell carcinoma (MiTF‐RCC) is in the differential diagnosis. Neither PAX8 nor PAX2 expression has been reported in melanoma to date. We aimed to better characte… Show more

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Cited by 6 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…Furthermore, melanomas usually do not express cytokeratin, but rare melanomas, particularly metastatic ones, have been found to express cytokeratin. 11 The lesion in the present case was clinically suggestive for melanoma. Dermatoscopically, the focal pigmentation involving both the ridges and furrows, along with the irregular distribution of brown clods, white lines, dotted vessels prompted also melanoma suspicion.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 47%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Furthermore, melanomas usually do not express cytokeratin, but rare melanomas, particularly metastatic ones, have been found to express cytokeratin. 11 The lesion in the present case was clinically suggestive for melanoma. Dermatoscopically, the focal pigmentation involving both the ridges and furrows, along with the irregular distribution of brown clods, white lines, dotted vessels prompted also melanoma suspicion.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 47%
“…Furthermore, melanomas usually do not express cytokeratin, but rare melanomas, particularly metastatic ones, have been found to express cytokeratin 11 …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All three cases were epithelioid metastatic melanomas without spindle cytomorphology. The association between cytokeratin cocktail positivity and metastasis was statistically significant [30].…”
Section: Keratinmentioning
confidence: 88%
“…In summary, caution should be exercised when evaluating a skin tumor in patients with history of MiTF-RCC as a small subset of primary or metastatic melanomas may demonstrate PAX8 or PAX2 staining. Ultimately, these markers should be used in a broad immunohistochemical panel rather than in isolation, in addition to molecular or cytogenetic studies when in doubt [30].…”
Section: Pax8 and Pax2mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…PAX2 and PAX8 belong to the pair box gene family consisting of nine members (PAX1 to PAX9), each of which encodes a transcription factor [ 11 ]. These are expressed during fetal development and known to control the development of organs deriving from the Müllerian duct such as the fallopian tube, endometrium, and endocervix, but not the development of the ovary [ 13 , 14 ]. In our study, a few cases of SMBT with combined endometriosis showed positive expression of PAX2 and most cases showed positive expression of PAX8 in contrast to SMBTs without endometriosis.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%