Immunohistochemical Expression of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) In Prostate Adenocarcinoma in General Hospital Haji Adam Malik Medan in 2017-2018

Abstract

The exposure of ultraviolet and vitamin D serum levels have been linked to prostate cancer. At the cellular level, the main function of vitamin D is mediated by VDR in order to reduce proliferation and increase apoptosis in some malignancy. Objective: To assess the distribution of VDR immunohistochemical expression in prostate adenocarcinoma based on age, PSA value, and histopathological grading. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study with cross sectional approach used 34 samples from paraffin blocks from patients histopathologically diagnosed as prostate adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining of VDR were perfomed and their expression were determined based on brown color expressed in cytoplasm and nuclei. The results were assessed by summing area score and intensity score. All results were presented in frequency tables. Results and Discussion: There were about 6.7% patients in 61-70 years age group and 4.2% patients with high PSA showing high VDR expression. Based on grade group, the lower grade group, the stronger VDR expression. Conclusion: Weak VDR expression was most often found in 51-60 years age group; high PSA value; Gleason score 3+4=7 and 4+4=8; moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated; and also grade group 4. Moderate and strong VDR expression was most often found in 61-70 years age group and high PSA. Moderate VDR expression was also most often found in Gleason score 4+5=9, poorly differentiated, and grade group 5. Meanwhile, strong VDR expression was most often found in Gleason score 3+4=7; moderately differentiated and grade group 2.