Immunohistochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase of a peripheral type in the rat larynx

Nakanishi, Yoshinobu; Tooyama, Ikuo; Yasuhara, Osamu; Aimi, Yoshinari; Kitajima, Kazutomo; Kimura, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/s0891-0618(99)00020-4

Cited by 29 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Similarly, we have reported that sensory neurons in the nodose ganglion display a positive reaction for pChAT (Nakanishi et al 1999). The cholinergic traits of sensory neurons have also been noted in the dorsal root ganglion and trigeminal ganglion and, accordingly, we and other authors have proposed the concept of the cholinergic sensory system (Sann et al 1995;Yasuhara et al 2003Yasuhara et al ,2004Tata et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Demonstration of Choline Acetyltransferase of a Peripheral Type in the Rat Heart

Yasuhara

Matsuo

Bellier

et al. 2006

J Histochem Cytochem.

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S U M M A R Y Cholinergic innervation of the heart has been analyzed using cholinergic markers including acetylcholinesterase, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT). In the present study we demonstrate putative cholinergic nerves in the rat heart using an antibody to ChAT of a peripheral type (pChAT), which is the product of a splice variant of ChAT mRNA and preferentially localized to peripheral cholinergic nerves. Expression of mRNAs for pChAT and the conventional form of ChAT (cChAT) were verified in the rat atrium by RT-PCR. Localization of both protein products in the atrium was confirmed by Western blotting. Virtually all neurons and small intensely fluorescent cells in the intrinsic cardiac ganglia were stained immunohistochemically for pChAT. The density of pChAT-positive fibers was very high in the conducting system, high in both atria, the right atrium in particular, and low in the ventricular walls. pChAT and VAChT immunoreactivities were closely associated in some fibers and fiber bundles in the ventricular walls. These results indicate that intrinsic cardiac neurons homogeneously express both pChAT and cChAT. Furthermore, innervation of the ventricular walls by pChAT-and VAChT-positive fibers provides morphological evidence for a significant role of cholinergic mechanisms in ventricular functions. (J Histochem Cytochem 55:287-299, 2007)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Demonstration of Choline Acetyltransferase of a Peripheral Type in the Rat Heart

Yasuhara

Matsuo

Bellier

et al. 2006

J Histochem Cytochem.

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“…It is unlikely that any central neurons contribute to pChAT ϩ fibers in the brainstem, because no pChAT ϩ cell bodies were found in the brainstem of rats without colchicine treatment. In the rats pretreated with colchicine, pChAT ϩ neuronal somata have been reported to occur in the tuberomammillary nucleus of the posterior hypothalamus (Kanayama et al, 2003), dorsal vagal nucleus, and nucleus ambiguus (Nakanishi et al, 1999). However, these pChAT ϩ somata do not appear to be responsible for pChAT ϩ fibers detected here in the trigeminal and solitary systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Recently, a splice variant of ChAT cDNA, which lacks exons 6 -9 in the coding region, has been cloned . An antiserum raised against the encoded protein does not stain any known central cholinergic cells but does stain physiologically identified peripheral cholinergic structures that have hardly been labeled with various antibodies against the conventional ChAT protein (Nakanishi et al, 1999;Nakajima et al, 2000;Chiocchetti et al, 2003;Yasuhara et al, 2004Yasuhara et al, , 2007a. Because of its predominant localization in peripheral neurons, this variant protein is designated ChAT of a peripheral type (pChAT), and the conventional full-length ChAT protein is called ChAT of the common type (cChAT).…”

Section: Indexing Terms: Nociception; Solitary Tract; Trigeminal Spinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of a splice variant of choline acetyltransferase in the trigeminal ganglion and brainstem of the rat: Comparison with calcitonin gene‐related peptide and substance P

Yasuhara

Aimi

Matsuo

et al. 2008

J of Comparative Neurology

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Rat trigeminal ganglion neurons have been shown to contain a splice variant of choline acetyltransferase (pChAT). Here we report the distribution pattern of pChAT-containing afferents from the trigeminal ganglion to the brainstem, compared with that of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP), by use of the immunohistochemical techniques in the rat. Most of CGRP(+) SP(+) ganglion cells contain pChAT, whereas half of the pChAT(+) ganglion cells possess neither CGRP nor SP. In the brainstem, pChAT(+) nerve fibers are found exclusively in the trigeminal and solitary systems, although the distribution pattern differs from that of CGRP(+) or SP(+) fibers. First, the ventral portion of the principal sensory nucleus contains many pChAT(+) fibers, with few CGRP(+) or SP(+) fibers. Because this portion receives projections of nociceptive corneal afferents, a subpopulation of pChAT(+) CGRP(-) SP(-) primary afferents is most probably nonpeptidergic nociceptors innervating the cornea. Second, the superficial laminae of the medullary dorsal horn, the main target of nociceptive afferents, contain dense CGRP(+) and SP(+) fibers but sparse pChAT(+) fibers. Because pChAT occurs in most CGRP(+) SP(+) ganglion cells, such sparseness of pChAT(+) fibers implies poor transportation of pChAT to axon branchlets. Another important finding is that pChAT(+) axons are smooth and nonvaricose, whereas CGRP(+) or SP(+) fibers possess numerous varicosities. Our confocal microscopy suggests colocalization of these three markers in the same single axons in some brainstem regions. The difference in morphological appearance, nonvaricose or varicose, appears to reflect the difference in intraaxonal distribution between pChAT and CGRP or SP.

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“…Although direct evidence is absent in man, conclusive results about the parasympathetic nature of these ganglia has been reported in the rat larynx using immunohistochemical techniques (Nakanishi et al, 1999). The morphology of the ganglion-like cells that appear in all the ganglia that we have identified is similar to that of true ganglion neurons.…”

Section: Nature Of the Laryngeal Gangliasupporting

confidence: 54%

Anatomic study of human laryngeal ganglia: Number and distribution

et al. 2008

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We have studied 12 laryngeal nerves: six internal branches of the superior laryngeal nerve (ILN) and six recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLN) from three human adult larynges (two males and one female). After dissection of each individual laryngeal nerve using a surgical microscope, the nerves were preserved in 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin wax, serially sectioned transversely at a thickness of 10 microm and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. We found 2-4 ganglia associated with the ILN. At least two ganglia were always present (six out of six cases), the largest one being associated with the branch of the nerve innervating the vestibule and the smallest one associated with the branch innervating the aryepiglottic fold. Other ganglia were found associated with the branches for the glosso-epiglottic fold and vallecula (four out of six cases) and interarytenoid muscle (three out of six cases). The RLN showed from two to six ganglia, all of them located in its anterior terminal division. Two of the ganglia were located in the part of the nerve between the origin of the branches for the interarytenoid and lateral cricoarytenoid muscles (three out of six cases). The remaining ganglia were located close to or at the origin of the muscular branches innervating the intrinsic laryngeal muscles. The cytology of the ganglia reported suggests that they were all autonomic in nature, probably parasympathetic.

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Immunohistochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase of a peripheral type in the rat larynx

Cited by 29 publications

References 41 publications

Demonstration of Choline Acetyltransferase of a Peripheral Type in the Rat Heart

Demonstration of Choline Acetyltransferase of a Peripheral Type in the Rat Heart

Distribution of a splice variant of choline acetyltransferase in the trigeminal ganglion and brainstem of the rat: Comparison with calcitonin gene‐related peptide and substance P

Anatomic study of human laryngeal ganglia: Number and distribution

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