Immunohistochemical Localization of Urotensin I/Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Immunoreactivity in Neurosecretory Neurons in the Caudal Spinal Cord of Fish

Onstott, Donna; Elde, Robert

doi:10.1159/000124030

Cited by 29 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The tissues were treated by 1 of 2 procedures: (1) the individual lobules were sectioned at 50 or 75 pm on a sliding microtome and processed by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method of Stemberger (1979) modified for free-floating sections as previously described (Cummings et al, 1983) or (2) the lobules were embedded together within a single block of brain paste in an orientation to permit sectioning of the lobules in the transverse or sagittal plane, and 10 pm sections of the frozen tissue block were cut in a cryostat. Slide mounted sections were hydrated with PBS and processed for the indirect immunofluorescence technique of Coons (1958) as modified and ureviouslv described for CRF (Onstott and Elde. 1984).…”

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Corticotropin-releasing factor in cerebellar afferent systems: a combined immunohistochemistry and retrograde transport study

1988

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The flocculus and paraflocculus of cat and sheep cerebellum were studied with immunohistochemical methods, using antisera to corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). CRF immunoreactivity was present within 3 populations of varicose nerve fibers. One population of CRF- immunoreactive (CRF-IR) fibers appeared to appose Purkinje cell somata and to follow their dendrites into the molecular layer. This arrangement suggested they were climbing fibers. A second group of CRF- IR profiles reminiscent of mossy fibers was widely distributed throughout the granule cell layer. A third population of CRF-IR fibers was present as a beaded plexus lying parallel to the pial surface, above and subadjacent to the Purkinje cell layer. The fibers of this plexus extended into the Purkinje cell layer and surrounded these somata. The source of some of the CRF-IR fibers within the flocculus and paraflocculus was determined by a retrograde axonal transport study utilizing the fluorescent tracer Fast blue (FB) in combination with the immunohistochemical localization of CRF. It was determined that CRF-IR perikarya within the inferior olivary nucleus gave rise to a population of climbing fibers within those lobules. Furthermore, all divisions of the inferior olive were found to contain CRF-IR somata. This latter finding suggests the potential for CRF-IR climbing fiber projections from the inferior olive to other regions of the cerebellar cortex. The existence of CRF-IR mossy fibers and fibers within the ganglionic plexus suggests the possibility of CRF-IR afferent projections from other regions of the brain stem to the flocculus and paraflocculus.

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Corticotropin-releasing factor in cerebellar afferent systems: a combined immunohistochemistry and retrograde transport study

1988

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“…Previous immunocytochemical studies have shown that most or all of the caudal neurosecretory cells in several teleost species display UI or corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)/UI immunoreactivity (7,(9)(10)(11), while UII immunocytochemistry revealed the presence of a nonreactive population of neurosecretory neurons in the caudal neurosecretory system, which is variable in percentage among different species (7,12).…”

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Extraurophyseal distribution of urotensin II immunoreactive neuronal perikarya and their processes

Yulis

Lederis

1986

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The use of the unlabeled antibody enzyme method on serially adjacent sections permitted the demonstration of urotensin II (UII) and urotensin I (UI) immunoreactivities colocalized in most of the cells of the caudal neurosecretory system of Catostomus commersoni. The study of the upper regions of the central nervous system from the spinal cord anterior to the fifth preterminal vertebral region up to and including the brain stem revealed the presence of U1I immunoreactivity in cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons, located ventral to the central canal along the entire length of the spinal cord and medulla. Beaded nerve fibers were observed projecting to the ventrolateral surface of the spinal cord and also forming a seemingly ascending immunoreactive-UII longitudinal bundle directed toward the brain. The presence of this "extraurophyseal" system of immunoreactive-UII cells and fibers suggests that the U1I peptide may be released in upper regions of the central nervous system in response to stimuli conveyed via the cerebral spinal fluid. Thus, separate functions may be postulated for the urophyseal and the cerebral spinal fluid-contacting urotensin II systems.A caudal neurosecretory system, structurally analogous to the hypothalamic (cranial) system, exists in teleost, elasmobranch, and ganoid fishes. In teleosts, it consists of neurosecretory cells located in the caudal spinal cord that project to a highly vascularized neurohaemal region, the urophysis (1).Two types of putative peptide hormones, urotensin I (UI) and urotensin TI (UTI), have been isolated from teleost urophyses; their amino acid sequences have been determined and confirmed by the synthesis of fully active peptides (2-6). These studies revealed six different forms of the naturally occurring UTT peptide in the urophyses of three teleostean species (Gillichthys UIT, Cyprinus UT1a, -,, and -y, and Catostomus UIIA and -B). All of these UTT forms are cyclic dodecapeptides sharing an identical six-residue disulfidebridged ring in positions 6-11. The integrity of the disulfide bridge appears to be essential for UII biological activity (5, 7) and for antibody recognition in at least some cases (8).The elucidation of the Gillichthys mirabilis UIT sequence drew attention to a partial homology (positions 1-2 and 7-9) with somatostatin; however, analogies in the biological activities between the Gillichthys or other UTI peptides and somatostatin are not conclusive at present (5, 7).Previous immunocytochemical studies have shown that most or all of the caudal neurosecretory cells in several teleost species display UI or corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)/UI immunoreactivity (7, 9-11), while UII immunocytochemistry revealed the presence of a nonreactive population of neurosecretory neurons in the caudal neurosecretory system, which is variable in percentage among different species (7,12).The present study was undertaken to define the localizations of UI and U1I immunoreactivities in the caudal neurosecretory system and to determine if specific immunore...

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“…Neurons producing UI were immunohistochemically localized by FISHER et al (1984) in the caudal neurosecretory system of the white sucker, Catostomus commersoni, using an antiserum to UI of the same species. Further, antisera to the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and sauvagine were successfully used to localize a UI-like substance, since CRF and sauvagine have several amino acid sequences homologous with UI (CRF: LARSON et al, 1984;ONSTOTT and ELDE, 1984;BERN et al, 1985;OWADA et al, 1985b;YAMADA et al, 1985;sauvagine: RENDA et al, 1982). Neurons producing UII were also immunohistochemically located in several species of teleosts (LARSON et al, 1984;OWADA and KOBAYASHI, 1984;BERN et al, 1985;OWADA et al, 1985a;YAMADA et al, 1985) and in elasmobranchs (OWADA et al, 1985b).…”

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confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical localization of urotensins I and II in the caudal neurosecretory neurons of the carp Cyprinus carpio and the sharks Heterodontus japonicus and Cephaloscyllium umbratile.

Yamada

Owada

Ichikawa³

et al. 1986

Arch. Histol. Jap., Arch. Histol. Jpn

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Summary.Using antisera to urotensins I and II (UI and UII), in the carp, Cyprinus carpio, three types of caudal neurosecretory neurons were identified: those with both UI-and UIIimmunoreactivities, those with only UI-immunoreactivity and those with only UII-immunoreactivity.The last type of neurons exceeded the other types in number, while neurons immunoreactive with both UI and UII antisera were relatively few.The axons of neurons of these three types terminated around the capillaries in the urophysis. In the cat shark, Heterodontus japonicus and the swell shark, Cephaloscyllium umbratile, two types of neurons were identified: those with both UI-and UII-immunoreactivities and those with only UII-immunoreactivity.Neurons of the former type were greater in number than the latter. The axons of neurons of both types terminated in the neurohemal areas.

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Immunohistochemical Localization of Urotensin I/Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Immunoreactivity in Neurosecretory Neurons in the Caudal Spinal Cord of Fish

Cited by 29 publications

References 25 publications

Corticotropin-releasing factor in cerebellar afferent systems: a combined immunohistochemistry and retrograde transport study

Corticotropin-releasing factor in cerebellar afferent systems: a combined immunohistochemistry and retrograde transport study

Extraurophyseal distribution of urotensin II immunoreactive neuronal perikarya and their processes

Immunohistochemical localization of urotensins I and II in the caudal neurosecretory neurons of the carp Cyprinus carpio and the sharks Heterodontus japonicus and Cephaloscyllium umbratile.

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