Immunohistochemical Markers in Fibrohistiocytic Lesions

Abstract

We conclude that to date, CD34 and factor XIIIa remain the most reliable immunohistochemical markers for DF and DFSP.

Conjunctival fibrous histiocytoma in an 8-year-old boy

“…For cutaneous FH, CD34 and factor XIIIa serve to distinguish between benign FH (dermatofibroma) and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, a lowgrade malignancy. 1,8 Benign FH is positive for factor XIIIa and negative for CD34, whereas dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is commonly positive for CD34 and negative for factor XIIIa. 8 Studies have documented that CD163, a hemoglobin scavenger receptor expressed in monocytes and tissue macrophages, is expressed in FH (89%) and negative in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (83%).…”

“…1,8 Benign FH is positive for factor XIIIa and negative for CD34, whereas dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is commonly positive for CD34 and negative for factor XIIIa. 8 Studies have documented that CD163, a hemoglobin scavenger receptor expressed in monocytes and tissue macrophages, is expressed in FH (89%) and negative in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (83%). 9 Typical FH shows strong immunoreactivity for vimentin and focal immunoreactivity for factor XIIIa, smooth muscle actin, CD68, and sometimes CD34.…”

Tympanomastoid cholesterol granulomas: Immunohistochemical evaluation of angiogenesis

“…It is well established in the literature that VEGF regulates cell proliferation and differentiation, and increases vascular permeability. In contrast, CD34 is a marker expressed in endothelial cells and is used to evaluate the vessel concentration in the tissues …”

“…Deregulated VEGF expression contributes to the development of solid tumors by promoting tumor angiogenesis and to the etiology of several additional diseases that are characterized by abnormal angiogenesis . Furthermore, CD34 is a marker expressed in endothelial cells used to evaluate the vessel concentration in the tissues …”

Factor XIII Subunit A in the Skin: Applications in Diagnosis and Treatment

“…Another disease in which FXIII-A has stood the test of time and is used in the diagnosis is dermatofibroma (DF) where the spindle-shaped cells are FXIII-A positive but negative for CD34, in contrast to dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) where the cells are negative for FXIII-A and CD34 positive [53, 54]. The CD34 and FXIII-A-positive (CDa1−) marker combination has also been described in medallion-like dermal dendrocyte hamartomas, which is a benign congenital dermal lesion [55].…”