Immunohistochemical studies on the development of the hypothalamo‐hyophysial system in <i>Xenopus laevis</i>

Ogawa, Kazushige; Suzuki, Eiko; Taniguchi, Kazuyuki

doi:10.1002/ar.1092410211

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Fiber labeling preceded the ChAT localization in cell bodies. A similar observation was found with vasotocin and mesotocin immunohistochemistry (Ogawa et al, 1995). The possibility of ChAT expression in vasotocinergic and/or mesotocinergic cells seems likely, although double‐labeling experiments are needed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

DNA interaction with Mn²⁺ ions at elevated temperatures: VCD evidence of DNA aggregation

2003

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Interaction of natural calf thymus DNA with Mn(2+) ions was studied at room temperature and at elevated temperatures in the range from 23 degrees C to 94 degrees C by means of IR absorption and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy. The Mn(2+) concentration was varied between 0 and 1.3M (0 and 10 [Mn]/[P]). The secondary structure of DNA remained in the frame of the B-form family in the whole ion concentration range at room temperature. No significant DNA denaturation was revealed at room temperature even at the highest concentration of metal ions studied. However at elevated temperatures, DNA denaturation and a significant decrease of the melting temperature of DNA connected with a decrease of the stability of DNA induced by Mn(2+) ions occurred. VCD demonstrated sensitivity to DNA condensation and aggregation as well as an ability to distinguish between these two processes. No condensation or aggregation of DNA was observed at room temperature at any of the metal ion concentrations studied. DNA condensation was revealed in a very narrow range of experimental conditions at around 2.4 [Mn]/[P] and about 55 degrees C. DNA aggregation was observed in the presence of Mn(2+) ions at elevated temperatures during or after denaturation. VCD spectroscopy turned out to be useful for studying DNA condensation and aggregation due to its ability to distinguish between these two processes, and for providing information about DNA secondary structure in a condensed or aggregated state.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

DNA interaction with Mn²⁺ ions at elevated temperatures: VCD evidence of DNA aggregation

2003

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Section: Development Of Cholinergic Systems: Comparative Aspectssupporting

confidence: 69%

Choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity in the developing brain of Xenopus laevis

López

Smeets

González

2002

J of Comparative Neurology

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The spatiotemporal sequence of the appearance of cholinergic structures in the brain of Xenopus laevis during development was studied by means of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunohistochemistry. The first ChAT labeling in the central nervous system of Xenopus was obtained at late embryonic stages in the spinal motoneurons, the cranial nerve motor nuclei of the brainstem, and in amacrine cells of the retina. During premetamorphosis, these cholinergic structures maturated significantly and new ChAT-immunoreactive cells were observed in several other nuclei such as the solitary tract nucleus, isthmic nucleus, laterodorsal and pedunculopontine tegmental nuclei, epiphysis, dorsal habenular nucleus, medial amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and dorsal pallidum. Further maturation continued through prometamorphosis and the climax of the metamorphosis together with the appearance of new cell groups in the efferent octaval nucleus, ventral hypothalamic nucleus, anterior preoptic area, suprachiasmatic nucleus, and medial septum. Transient expression of ChAT was only seen in the large Mauthner cells that showed moderate ChAT labeling during pre- and prometamorphosis but became immunonegative at the end of the metamorphosis. The gradual appearance, in general from caudal to rostral brain levels, of ChAT immunoreactivity in Xenopus, was correlated with other developmental events to get insight into the possible roles of acetylcholine during ontogeny. Comparison with the developmental pattern of cholinergic systems in other vertebrates shows that Xenopus possesses abundant features in common with amniotes, suggesting a conservative developmental plan for tetrapods.

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“…These data indicate that regulation of the melanotrope cells in the pars intermedia of X. laevis is exerted by at least three nuclei in the CNS: CRH and TRH produced in the magnocellular nucleus may stimulate, whereas neuropeptide Y, dopamine and GABA originating from the suprachiasmatic nucleus and noradrenaline produced in the locus coeruleus may inhibit, the melanotropes. Ogawa et al (1995) studied the development of b the anuran hypothalamo-hypophysial system. Ogawa et al (1995) studied the development of b the anuran hypothalamo-hypophysial system.…”

Section: Hypothalamo-hypophysial Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anurans

Donkelaar¹

1998

The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates

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Immunohistochemical studies on the development of the hypothalamo‐hyophysial system in Xenopus laevis

Cited by 23 publications

References 47 publications

DNA interaction with Mn²⁺ ions at elevated temperatures: VCD evidence of DNA aggregation

DNA interaction with Mn²⁺ ions at elevated temperatures: VCD evidence of DNA aggregation

Choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity in the developing brain of Xenopus laevis

Anurans

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Immunohistochemical studies on the development of the hypothalamo‐hyophysial system in Xenopus laevis

Cited by 23 publications

References 47 publications

DNA interaction with Mn2+ ions at elevated temperatures: VCD evidence of DNA aggregation

DNA interaction with Mn2+ ions at elevated temperatures: VCD evidence of DNA aggregation

Choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity in the developing brain of Xenopus laevis

Anurans

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About

DNA interaction with Mn²⁺ ions at elevated temperatures: VCD evidence of DNA aggregation

DNA interaction with Mn²⁺ ions at elevated temperatures: VCD evidence of DNA aggregation