Immunohistologic Study of Epiretinal Membranes in Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy

Non-vascular vitreoretinopathy: The cells and the cellular basis of contraction

“…In this study B cells were not found and macrophage numbers were not impressive. However, the findings contrast with those of other studies43 , 44 where, in agreement with earlier investigations,12 macrophages were found in relative abundance. The discrepancy might be explained by interpretation of staining, sampling or perhaps the stage of ERM development, but it does underline the cellular variation that occurs in ERMs.…”

Immunopathology of intraocular silicone oil: retina and epiretinal membranes

“…The absence of B lymphocytes in both PVR membranes and silicone oil membranes suggests that humoral immune responses do not play a major part in the wound healing response resulting in PVR membrane formation, or in the response to the presence of silicone oil. Humoral immune system responses have been observed in PVR membranes in a previous study, 25 but this observation has not, in general, been replicated in subsequent work.…”

“…[19][20][21] The presence of T lymphocytes, macrophages, immunoglobulins and complement within PVR tissue has been documented [22][23][24][25] ; however, a comparison of the inflammatory response observed in PVR with that seen after silicone oil tamponade has not yet been reported.…”

The upregulation of zinc finger protein 670 and prostaglandin D2 synthase in proliferative vitreoretinopathy

“…Human RPE cells express MHC (major histocompatibility complex) proteins and cell surface adhesion molecules, which promote antigen-specific immunologic responses [40]. Increased IgG expression in the vitreous and epiretinal membrane of PVR has been reported [41][42][43]. In this study, the heavy and light chains of IgG were higher in the PVR group, and indicated that the immune response might play a role in PVR development.…”