Immunologic Properties Differ in Preterm Infants Fed Olive Oil vs Soy‐Based Lipid Emulsions During Parenteral Nutrition

Gawecka, Agnieszka; Michałkiewicz, Jacek; Kornacka, Maria; Łuckiewicz, Barbara; Kubiszewska, Izabela

doi:10.1177/0148607108319802

Cited by 47 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The high content of O6FAs in SOFEs serves as a precursor to cytokines and proinflammatory prostaglandin E2 and leukotriene B4 38 . A study comparing the inflammatory effects between SOFE and OO‐rich IVFE in preterm neonates demonstrated that proinflammatory cytokine concentrations were significantly higher in those receiving SOFE 39 . One potential downside for the use of an OO‐containing IVFE is the greater risk of extraction compared with other IVFEs of the plasticizer di(2‐ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) if it is infused using a polyvinylchloride (PVC) administration set.…”

Section: What Is Different Between Ivfes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intravenous Fat Emulsion Formulations for the Adult and Pediatric Patient

et al. 2016

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Intravenous lipid emulsions (IVLE) provide essential fatty acids (FA) and are a dense source of energy in parenteral nutrition (PN). Parenterally administered lipid was introduced in the 17th century but plagued with side effects. The formulation of lipid emulsions later on made it a relatively safe component for administration to patients. Many ingredients are common to all IVLE, yet the oil source(s) and its (their) percentage(s) makes them different from each other. The oil used dictates how IVLE are metabolized and cleared from the body. The FA present in each type of oil provide unique beneficial and detrimental properties. This review provides an overview of IVLE and discuss factors that would help clinicians choose the optimal product for their patients. Elucidating the characteristics of each oil source over time has resulted in an evolution of the different formulations currently available. Emulsions have gone from being solely made with soybean oil, to being combined with medium-chain triglycerides (i.e., coconut oil), olive oil, and more recently, fish oil. Unfortunately, the lipid, among other constituents in PN formulations, has been associated with the development of liver disease. Lipid-sparing or lipid-reduction strategies have therefore been proposed to avoid these complications. The ideal IVLE would reverse or prevent essential FA deficiency without leading to complications, while simultaneously providing energy to facilitate normal growth and development. Modifications in their ingredients, formulation, and dosing have made IVLE a relatively safe component alone or when added to PN formulations. The ideal emulsion, however, has yet to be developed.

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Section: What Is Different Between Ivfes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intravenous Fat Emulsion Formulations for the Adult and Pediatric Patient

et al. 2016

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“…Olive oil-based lipid emulsions are rich in monounsaturated fatty acids MUFAs which are potentially immune-neutral. A RCT in preterm neonates (<32 weeks, <1500 g) by Gawecka et al [27] compared inflammatory effects, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) and interleukins (IL-6, IL-10), between soybean oil-based and olive oil-based lipid emulsions. Baseline cytokine levels were comparable in the two groups; however proinflammatory cytokine levels (IL-6) were significantly higher in the soybean oil group.…”

Section: Immune System Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipids for parenteral nutrition in neonates

Deshpande

Simmer

2011

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

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Since the first soybean oil-based lipid emulsions were introduced 50 years ago, progress has been made in understanding the composition, dose and clinical effects of parenteral lipids in neonatal patients. However there is a paucity of data in terms of definitive head-to-head trials of different novel lipid emulsions evaluating short-term as well as long-term clinically important outcomes including neurodevelopment. Future research is required to determine long-term benefits of novel lipid emulsions for neurological outcome and effects on the immune system.

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“…1–4 The etiology of these complications is multifactorial, but is believed to be in part related to prolonged reliance on parenteral soybean-based lipid formulations, which are rich in proinflammatory omega-6 fatty acids and phytosterols, and devoid of the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). 5–8 Fish oil, which is rich in anti-inflammatory omega-3 fatty acids, has been associated with decreased cholestasis and liver injury in children with short bowel syndrome. 9,10 A recent randomized controlled trial of early enteral supplementation with a high fat polyunsaturated fatty acid (HF-PUFA) blend of fish oil and safflower oil versus usual care in premature infants with an enterostomy found that infants treated with the HF-PUFA blend had lower conjugated bilirubin levels than infants in the control group.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteral High Fat-Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Blend Alters the Pathogen Composition of the Intestinal Microbiome in Premature Infants with an Enterostomy

Younge

Yang

Seed

2017

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Objective To determine the effect of enteral fish oil and safflower oil supplementation on the intestinal microbiome in premature infants with an enterostomy. Study design Premature infants with an enterostomy were randomized to receive early enteral supplementation with a high fat-polyunsaturated fatty acid (HF-PUFA) blend of fish oil and safflower oil versus standard nutritional therapy. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing for longitudinal profiling of the microbiome from the time of study entry until bowel reanastomosis. We used weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify microbial community modules that differed between study groups over time. We performed imputed metagenomic analysis to determine metabolic pathways associated with the microbial genes. Results Sixteen infants were randomized to receive enteral HF-PUFA supplementation and 16 infants received standard care. The intestinal microbiota of infants in the treatment group differed from those in the control group, with greater bacterial diversity and lower abundance of Streptococcus, Clostridium, and many pathogenic genera within the Enterobacteriaceae family. We identified four microbial community modules with significant differences between groups over time. Imputed metagenomic analysis of the microbial genes revealed metabolic pathways that differed between groups, including metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, fatty acids, and secondary bile acid synthesis. Conclusion Enteral HF-PUFA supplementation was associated with decreased abundance of pathogenic bacteria, greater bacterial diversity, and shifts in the potential metabolic functions of intestinal microbiota. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01306838

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Immunologic Properties Differ in Preterm Infants Fed Olive Oil vs Soy‐Based Lipid Emulsions During Parenteral Nutrition

Abstract: SO-based LE may promote an excess of IL-6 production, especially in the T cell-dependent way of PBMC activation (via anti-CD3). OO emulsion seems to be immunologically more neutral than SO emulsion.

Cited by 47 publications

References 46 publications

Intravenous Fat Emulsion Formulations for the Adult and Pediatric Patient

Intravenous Fat Emulsion Formulations for the Adult and Pediatric Patient

Lipids for parenteral nutrition in neonates

Enteral High Fat-Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Blend Alters the Pathogen Composition of the Intestinal Microbiome in Premature Infants with an Enterostomy

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