Immunological Markers of Chronic Occupational Radiation Exposure

Рыбкина, В. Л.; Банникова, М. В.; Adamova, Galina; Dörr, Harald; Scherthan, Harry; Azizova, Tamara V.

doi:10.1097/hp.0000000000000855

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…TGF-β, unlike several other cytokines, has a direct relationship with radiation dose. 37 This is disagreeing with the present study results, which declared that all studied patterns and doses revealed a significant decrease of TGF-β% in bone marrow as compared with the control group except for the group irradiated with 2 GyX4 which showed significant increase in this percent as compared with the control group and all other treated groups. It is known that TGF-β is activated in cells as a result of DNA damage, which is the first genetic consequence of ionizing radiation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Different γ-Irradiation Patterns on Factors that May Affect Cell Cycle Progression in Male Rats

2022

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Most studies of the biological effects of ionizing radiation have been done on a single acute dose, while clinically and environmentally exposures occur under chronic/repetitive conditions. It is important to study effects of different patterns of ionizing radiation. In this study, a rat model was used to compare the effects of repetitive and acute exposure. Groups: (I) control, (II, III) were exposed to fractionated doses (1.5 GyX4) and (2 GyX4), respectively/24h interval, and (IV, V) were exposed to 6 Gy and 8 Gy of whole-body gamma irradiation, respectively. The gene expression of MAPT and tau phosphorylation increased in all irradiated groups but the gene expression of PKN not affected. TGFβ% increased at dose of 2 GyX4 only. In addition, the cell cycle was arrested in S phase. Micronucleus (MN) increased and cell proliferation decreased. In conclusion, the dose and pattern of ionizing radiation do not affect the MAPT and PKN gene expression, but TGF-β, p-tau, MN assay and cell proliferation are significantly affected. The dose of 2 GyX4 showed distinctive effect. Repetitive exposure may increase TGF-β%, which causes radio-resistance and, G2/M delay. Thus, the cell cycle could be regulated in a different manner according to the dose and pattern of irradiation.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Different γ-Irradiation Patterns on Factors that May Affect Cell Cycle Progression in Male Rats

2022

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“…Assuming possible recurrent CT, this leads to an increase in additional radiation exposure burden among the population of a nuclear city subjected to occupational ionizing radiation. Taking into account the peculiarities of the immune status nuclear workers [28], our findings should be taken into account by radiation protection authorities and epidemiologists assessing radiation-induced cancer mortality among nuclear workers and their descendants [29][30][31][32][33], because the pandemic should be perceived as a competing risk factor potentially confounding cancer mortality as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment Of COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Detrimental Impact On The Population Of Nuclear City: Two-Year Results

Осипов¹,

Фомин

2023

Russ Open Med J

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Background — Since the announcement of the global coronavirus infection disease (COVID-19) pandemic, the attempts to assess the pandemic-related detrimental impact are of particular interest. The methodology of assessing the overall mortality attributed to COVID-19 pandemic, unlike the use of specific indicators that are sensitive to different methods of accounting the number of infected and deaths, provides more clear understanding of the pandemic-related impact. Objective — Quantitative assessment of the pandemic-related detrimental impact caused by the novel coronavirus infection in a small nuclear city, which is relevant for evaluating the effectiveness of anti-epidemic measures. Methods and Results — The population changes in a small urban district located in the South Ural Region of the Russian Federation were retrospectively analyzed for the decade, based on the open-source demographic data. The pandemic-related detrimental impact was calculated as overall excess mortality rate, compared with the previous non-pandemic years by using the additive model of excess absolute risk. The number of absolute excess deaths, adjusted for gender, age, population size, and number of diseased, was modeled using multivariate linear regression. The pandemic-related detriment was calculated based on the number of predicted excess deaths attributed to COVID-19. The relationship between the total number of deaths and the number of COVID-19 cases was analyzed. The total predicted two-year excess of pandemic-related deaths was 557.9. The pandemic-related total excess mortality per 1,000 patients infected with SARS-Cov-2 was 50.2 (95% CI 38.4; 62.0). Conclusion — The analyses revealed significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the overall excess mortality in the nuclear city population in 2020 and 2021 implemented in both direct and indirect way. The population size was a major significant risk factor confounding the overall mortality. In order to develop an effective strategy to control and prevent the consequences of a pandemic, further monitoring of the epidemic situation in a nuclear city is required.

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“…Не менее противоречивы результаты исследований содержания Т-хелперов (CD4 + ) у лиц, подвергшихся хроническому облучению. В литературе встречаются данные как о снижении экспрессии CD4 + на лимфоцитах периферической крови, так и об отсутствии различий в экспрессии этого кластера дифференцировки [12,14,33,35,36]. Содержание В-лимфоцитов у лиц, подвергшихся хроническому облучению, может быть снижено по сравнению с показателями у лиц, не имевших контакта с источниками ионизирующего излучения, однако в некоторых работах различий в содержании B-лимфоцитов не найдено [26,30,33,35].…”

Section: проатерогенные факторы иммунитетаunclassified

Results of studying pro- and anti-atherogenic immune factors in the persons chronically exposed to ionising radiation

2021

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It is well established that cohorts of individuals exposed to ionizing radiation exhibit increased risks for cardiovascular diseases. Currently, the role of immune system in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is actively studied. Meanwhile, the immunomodulatory effects of irradiation in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in the persons exposed to ionizing radiation still remain unclear. The aim of this research was to study the effect of ionizing radiation upon lymphocyte subpopulations involved in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The lymphocyte subpopulations were studied in peripheral blood of the workers chronically exposed to occupational combined radiation versus a control group. The study considered 72 workers of the Russian nuclear production facility, the Mayak Industrial Association (mean age of 72.1±10.9 years), and 72 control individuals (mean age of 70.7±9.2 years). All the workers were chronically exposed to combined radiation (external gamma-rays and internal alpha-particles). The mean cumulative dose absorbed by red bone marrow from external gamma-ray exposure was 0.750±0.699 Gy; the mean cumulative absorbed dose to red bone marrow from internal alpha-particles was 0.072±0.092 Gy. The relative and absolute numbers of lymphocyte subpopulations (total T-cells, T-helpers, T-cytotoxic, total B-cells, NK-cells and T-NK-cells) were detected by flow cytofluorometry. The absolute number of CD3+CD19+T-lymphocytes was significantly lower in the individuals exposed to chronic irradiation, compared with the controls (1658.8±694.3 x 106/l and 1988.4±1045.4 x 106/l, respectively). The relative number of CD3+CD4+T-helpers and CD3+CD8+T-cytotoxic lymphocytes was significantly higher in individuals exposed to chronic irradiation. Relative number of T-helpers in the main group was 42.4±8.8% vs 35.3±8.7% in controls; the relative number of T-cytotoxic lymphocytes was 27.6±9.5%, and 23.3±6.5%, respectively. A significant negative correlation was revealed between absolute number of T-lymphocytes and cumulative absorbed doses to bone marrow from external gamma irradiation (correlation quotient r = -0,53565, p = 0,000001) and internal alpha sources (r = -0.54804, p = 0.0000006). This correlation may indicate a relationship between these changes (decreased absolute numbers of T cells) and occupational exposure rates. The increased relative number of T-helpers and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes confirm an assumption that specific antigens may cause an enhanced immune response during the development of atherosclerosis in exposed individuals.

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Immunological Markers of Chronic Occupational Radiation Exposure

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

The Influence of Different γ-Irradiation Patterns on Factors that May Affect Cell Cycle Progression in Male Rats

The Influence of Different γ-Irradiation Patterns on Factors that May Affect Cell Cycle Progression in Male Rats

Assessment Of COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Detrimental Impact On The Population Of Nuclear City: Two-Year Results

Results of studying pro- and anti-atherogenic immune factors in the persons chronically exposed to ionising radiation

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