“…Too much mAbs-labeled AuNPs will not only cause waste, but also cause tailing of the test strip; insufficient labeling of the mAbs leads to incomplete labeling of the AuNPs, which reduces the sensitivity of the test strip and the occurrence of false positives. 38,39 Additionally, the antibody on the T line and C line directly affects the binding ratio of the antigen or antibody to the mAbs-labeled AuNPs, and ultimately affects the color development of test strip. If the concentration of capture antibody is too low, the color of the band on the membrane is not clear or the band is hollow.…”