2001
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.179.4.288
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Immunology of delirium: new opportunities for treatment and research

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Cited by 54 publications
(38 citation statements)
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“…IGF-1 has a protective role in attenuating cognitive deficit in brain-injured rats (Saatman et al, 1997) and enhancing neuronal development (Brooker et al, 2000). These observations suggest that the neuroprotective characteristics of IGF-1 may be seminal in preventing the onset of delirium in vulnerable subjects, as reviewed recently (Broadhurst and Wilson, 2001). Thus, we propose that delirium is the clinical manifestation of disruption of neuroendocrine homeostasis and the aim of this study is to test this model by examining the relationship between pre-morbid IGF-1 levels and subsequent development of the syndrome.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…IGF-1 has a protective role in attenuating cognitive deficit in brain-injured rats (Saatman et al, 1997) and enhancing neuronal development (Brooker et al, 2000). These observations suggest that the neuroprotective characteristics of IGF-1 may be seminal in preventing the onset of delirium in vulnerable subjects, as reviewed recently (Broadhurst and Wilson, 2001). Thus, we propose that delirium is the clinical manifestation of disruption of neuroendocrine homeostasis and the aim of this study is to test this model by examining the relationship between pre-morbid IGF-1 levels and subsequent development of the syndrome.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…En la cirugía se liberan mediadores proinflamatorios (interleukinas 1, 6 y 8 y factor de necrosis tumoral α) [37][38][39] , los cuales en pacientes con aumento de la permeabilidad de la barrera hematoencefálica, como los pacientes añosos, la cruzan provocando daño neuronal (desde disfunción a muerte neuronal), produciendo la presentación clínica subsecuente como delirium de corta o larga duración, disfunción cognitiva postoperatoria o demencia 40 . Dicha neuroinflamación determinará una alteración de la neurotransmisión, con una disminución de la liberación de acetilcolina 41 y un aumento en los niveles de dopamina 42 , ácido gamma amino butírico (GABA), serotonina y norepinefrina 43,44 (Figura 3).…”
Section: Fisiopatologíaunclassified
“…O exame físico deve incluir exame neurológico detalhado, em busca de déficits focais e pesquisa de sinais que indiquem quedas, traumas cefálicos, infecções ou outras afecções agudas. 14,15,18,19 Revisão da lista de medicações, bem como mudanças recentes em doses ou tipos é fundamental. Uso de álcool ou outras substâncias também deve ser investigado.…”
Section: Investigação Diagnóstica Investigação Diagnóstica Investigaçunclassified
“…A necessidade de exame de líquor, neuroimagem e eletroencefalograma permanece controversa, mas costuma não se fazer presente na maioria dos casos de delirium. 15,18,19 O Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) (Tabela 5) é um instrumento desenvolvido para rastrear delirium, sendo de simples e rápida aplicação, podendo ser aplicado no ambulatório ou na beira do leito, não se prestando a avaliar gravidade do delirium. Vide Tabela 6 para os Critérios Diagnósticos de Delirium pelo DSM IV.…”
Section: Investigação Diagnóstica Investigação Diagnóstica Investigaçunclassified