Immunomodulation by Coriandrum sativum seeds (Coriander) and its ameliorative effect on lead‐induced immunotoxicity in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus L.)

Abstract

The current study was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of Coriandrum sativum seed powder (CP) and extract (CE) on some immune functions of Oreochromis niloticus, without or with exposure to the immunotoxicant metal lead (Pb). Fish (n = 300) were divided into ten groups, in triplicate. First group (Cont) was fed on the basal control diet. Second (CP20) and third (CP30) groups were fed on CP‐supplemented diets at 20 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg respectively, while fourth (CE20) and fifth (CE30) groups were fed on CE‐supplemented diets at 20 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg respectively. Fish of the sixth (Cont‐Pb), seventh (CP20‐Pb), eighth (CP30‐Pb), ninth (CE20‐Pb) and tenth (CE30‐Pb) groups were exposed to lead (Pb) at 20.2 mg/L and received same diets presented to groups; Cont, CP20, CP30, CE20 and CE30 respectively. The experiment lasted for 45 days. CP and CE dietary supplementation not only significantly enhanced the immune functions, serum lysozyme, nitric oxide, bactericidal activities and relative expression of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) of O. niloticus in a concentration‐dependent manner, but also ameliorated the lead‐induced immunosuppressive effects, especially in CE30 received groups. Additionally, lead‐induced fish mortality and levels of lead residues in fish musculature were significantly reduced in response to feeding on CP‐ and CE‐supplemented diets, especially in CE30. Therefore, it could be concluded that coriander dietary supplementation, especially the extract (CE) at 30 mg/kg diet, could be used to enhance the immune response of O. niloticus and to counteract the immunotoxic effects of lead exposure.

The effects of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) seeds on the growth performance, growth hormone, antibacterial capacity, and immune response of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

“…The study showed activated lysozyme and phagocytic activities in European sea bass fed dietary coriander. Similarly, Ahmed et al (2020) andNaderi Farsani et al (2019) stated that Nile tilapia and rainbow trout fed dietary coriander had enhanced immune responses. Increased lysozyme and phagocytic activity indicate that European sea bass can tolerate the infection with pathogenic bacteria due to the role of lysozyme activity in breaking down the cell wall of pathogenic bacteria (Saurabh and Sahoo, 2008;Siwicki and Studnicka, 1987).…”

“…Coriander powder is derived from the seeds of the coriander plant. The identification and composition of coriander powder were defined by following Ahmed et al (2020) and Naderi Farsani et al (2019). The formulated diets were dried at room temperature; then, after cooling, the diets were kept in plastic bags till used.…”

“…Functionally, coriander seeds showed high growth-promoting, antibacterial, immune, and antioxidative responses (Bahrekazemi et al, 2020;Msaada et al, 2017). The application of coriander resulted in high growth performance, immune and antioxidative responses in Catla catla (Innocent et al, 2011), beluga (Huso huso) (Bahrekazemi et al, 2020), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) (Ahmed et al, 2020), and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (Naderi Farsani et al, 2019). However, due to the species-specific roles of herbal additives, coriander seeds need to be evaluated based on a species-specific manner.…”

Immunomodulatory Activity of a Traditional Sri Lankan Concoction of Coriandrum sativum L. and Coscinium fenestratum G.

“…It is noteworthy that our findings on the concoction in the rat experimental system on enhanced antibody production are consistent with some of the previous studies when only the C. sativum extracts were used. Different preparations of aqueous and ethanolic extract of C. sativum had shown immunostimulant activity in mice [ 19 ], chickens [ 20 ], and fish [ 21 , 22 ]. It is possible that the immunostimulatory activity observed in the concoction of C. sativum or C. fenestratum is attributable to the effect from C. sativum .…”

“…The seeds of C. sativum and stem of C. fenestratum have previously been shown to have anti-inflammatory activity when tested alone and as ethanolic concoctions of individual ingredients [ 17 , 18 ]. Some immunostimulatory activity has also been reported with aqueous and ethanolic concoctions of C. sativum when used as a single ingredient [ 19 – 22 ].…”