Immunomodulatory Activities of α-Mangostin on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Abstract

Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) a tropical fruit, has been used in traditional medicine. A frequently used part of mangosteen is the pericarp, containing a high content of xanthones. α-Mangostin, one of the major xanthone derivatives, exhibits a variety of actions, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antitumor; however, its function on the immune system is still equivocal. This study aimed to examine the immunomodulatory activities of α-mangostin on lymphocyte lineage and cytokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The cytotoxic activity of α-mangostin was measured by MTT assay. The concentration of α-mangostin at 5.55 µg/mL resulted in a 50% survival of PBMCs, which was as potent a cytotoxic activity as that of paclitaxel. After 24 h of PBMCs culture, the percentages of T cells (CD3+), B cells (CD19+) and NK cells (CD3-CD16+CD56+) were not significantly changed by treatment with 1, 2 and 4 µg/mL of α-mangostin compared with untreated-PBMCs; in addition, the percentages of these lymphocytes treated with the combination of α-mangostin (1, 2 and 4 µg/mL) and the mitogen concanavalin A (ConA) was not significantly different from that of ConA-treated PBMCs. For cytokine secretion, α-mangostin (1, 2 and 4 µg/mL) did not significantly induce either proinflammatory cytokines (i.e., TNF-α and IL-1β) or cytokine of adaptive immunity (i.e., IL-2). The combination of α-mangostin (1, 2 and 4 µg/mL) and ConA did not significantly alter the relative difference of TNF-α and IL-1β compared with ConA-treated PBMCs; however, these combinations could significantly decrease the relative difference of IL-2 compared with ConAtreated PBMCs. These data indicated that α-mangostin was able to inhibit IL-2 release without interfering with human immune cells; therefore, further studies are necessary to investigate its effect on IL-2 production.

Activation of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway involved in therapeutic actions of α-mangostin on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in rats

“…Sufficient evidence has suggested that the anti-inflammatory properties of MAN in vivo is closely related to its effects on cytokines profiles and macrophages seem to be its main target. 13 , 14 This notion was supported by our previous study, as MAN exhibited promising therapeutic effects on ALI, which is believed to be mainly mediated by macrophages. 3 Because macrophages do not only sense and cope with infections directly, but also initiate adaptive immune reactions by functioning as antigen presenting cells.…”

CARACTERIZACIÒN PARCIAL DE UNA FRACCIÓN PROTEICA POTENCIALMENTE BIOACTIVA DE Solanum marginatum L. f.

“…The reduction PBMC treated with different concentrations of PF-FPLC occurs by an interaction between cellular sensitivity and protein chemical structure. However, the reduction in viability caused by PF-FPLC is acceptable since there are compounds which present a viability reduction in small concentrations; paclitaxel is an example (Kasemwattanaroj et al, 2013). The PF-FPLC proteins showed an effect on the decreased viability of PBMC directly proportional to test concentrations.…”

Evaluasi Sitotoksik Alfa Mangostin Pada Kultur Sel Leukosit Manusia Secara In Vitro dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan

“…Peningkatan aktivitas proliferasi sel leukosit dibuktikan dengan peningkatan persentase viabilitas sel saat diuji dengan MTT assay sebesar 208,485 ± 21,21 dan 361,818 ± 86,37, yang ditampilkan pada gambar 2. Kasemwattanaroj et al, [15]mendapatkan bahwa senyawa α-mangostin pada sangat sitotoksik terhadap kultur sel leukosit mononuklear manusia dengan IC50 5,55 μg/mL. Namun ketika sel leukosit diberi perlakuan dengan mitogen pemicu proliferasinya dan α-mangostin, tingkat proliferasi sel leukosit meningkat dan meregulasi pelepasan sitokin proinflamasi.…”