Immunomodulatory activity of kaempferol 5-O-β-d-glucopyranoside from Indigofera aspalathoides Vahl ex DC. (Papilionaceae)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to isolate a new compound from methanol extracts of Indigofera aspalathoides Vahl ex DC. aerial parts and to determine the immunomodulatory activity of the isolated compound. The methanolic extract yielded compounds 1 (0.65 mg), 2 (0.52 mg), and 3 (1.80 g) on chromatography, which was characterized using spectral techniques, namely Fourier transform infrared, 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance, 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectroscopy. Owing to the paucity of compounds 1 and 2, kaempferol 5-O-b-Dglucopyranoside (compound 3) was evaluated for immunomodulatory activity. Compound 3 was assessed in a neutrophil adhesion and a delayed-type hypersensitivity test, and humoral antibody titers were measured in albino rats. Administration of compound 3 at oral doses of 10, 20, 50, and 100 mg/kg of body weight resulted in a significant (p \ 0.05) increase in percent neutrophil adhesion to nylon fibers, a dose-dependent increase in antibody titers, and potentiation of the delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction induced using sheep red blood cells. We concluded that compound 3, methanol extracted from aerial parts of I. aspalathoides Vahl ex DC. possessed significant immunomodulatory activity and therefore has promising therapeutic potential for the prevention of autoimmune diseases.

Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities Guided Isolation and Identification of Components from Mango Seed Kernel

“…4-Hydroxybenzoic acid ( 8 ): colorless needle crystal; 1 H and 13 C NMR data were identical to those reported [ 20 ].…”

“…Based on the activity results of extract and all fractions, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n -butanol fractions were applied to further isolation and purification by chromotography on Sephadex LH-20 column, silica gel column, ODS, and preparative TLC, as well as semipreparative HPLC, et al Finally, 17 compounds were obtained. Their structures were identified as 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-penta- O -galloyl- β -D-glucoside ( 1 ) [ 14 ], 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-penta- O -galloyl- α -D-glucoside ( 2 ) [ 15 ], 1, 2, 3, 6-tetra- O -galloyl- β -D-glucoside ( 3 ) [ 16 ], 1- O -(3, 4, 5-trihydroxybenzoyl)- β -D-glucoside ( 4 ) [ 17 ], methyl galate ( 5 ) [ 18 ], gallic acid ( 6 ) [ 39 ], 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid ( 7 ) [ 19 ], 4-hydroxybenzoic acid ( 8 ) [ 20 ], 1-glycerol gallate ( 9 ) [ 21 ], ethyl gallate ( 10 ) (H. [ 22 ]), ferulic acid ( 11 ) [ 23 ], caffeic acid ( 12 ) [ 24 ], quercetin ( 13 ) [ 25 ], genistein ( 14 ) [ 26 ], gallocatechin ( 15 ) [ 27 ], epicatechin ( 16 ) (M. [ 28 ]), and hexyl- β -D-glucoside ( 17 ) [ 29 ] by comparing their NMR spectroscopic data with data reported in the above references. Compounds 2 , 9 , 15 , and 17 were isolated from the genus Mangifera for the first time.…”

Potential of Plant Bioactive Compounds as SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (Mpro) and Spike (S) Glycoprotein Inhibitors: A Molecular Docking Study

“…Some researchers have previously stated that its oral bioavailability varies from low to good. Besides having been reported to have the ability as an antiviral, this compound also shows immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities [ 124 , 125 ].…”

Potential of Plant Bioactive Compounds as SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (M^pro) and Spike (S) Glycoprotein Inhibitors: A Molecular Docking Study

“…RO5 calculation results show that this compound has a high potential to be used as a drug, and some researchers have previously stated that its oral bioavailability varies from low to good. Besides having been reported to have the ability as an antiviral, this compound also shows immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities [86,87].…”