Immunomodulatory agents for prophylaxis and therapy of infections

Kn, Masihi

doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00161-2

Cited by 70 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…These agents can be obtained from endogenous or exogenous sources. Examples include cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, immunoglobulins, compounds of synthetic or natural origin, and microbial products [83,[86][87][88]. Immunomodulators can exert their function in either an antigen-specific or an antigen-independent manner [86,88].…”

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples include cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, immunoglobulins, compounds of synthetic or natural origin, and microbial products [83,[86][87][88]. Immunomodulators can exert their function in either an antigen-specific or an antigen-independent manner [86,88]. In addition, they can be further subdivided into immunoadjuvants, immunostimulators, and immunosuppresants [85,88].…”

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunomodulators can exert their function in either an antigen-specific or an antigen-independent manner [86,88]. In addition, they can be further subdivided into immunoadjuvants, immunostimulators, and immunosuppresants [85,88].…”

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intranasal treatment with a novel immunomodulator mediates innate immune protection against lethal pneumonia virus of mice

et al. 2016

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major causative agent of acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. Unfortunately, there are no licensed RSV vaccines available, and the few treatment options for high-risk individuals are either extremely costly or cause severe side effects and toxicity. Thus, the development of effective vaccines and therapeutic interventions against RSV is a preeminent public health priority.

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Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intranasal treatment with a novel immunomodulator mediates innate immune protection against lethal pneumonia virus of mice

et al. 2016

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“…In infectious disease therapy, the immune response balancereinstatement may increase the resistance, decreasing the severity of infection and shorting the recovery period-time. The modulation of immune response may occur by direct or indirect mechanisms, by mean of the interaction between of an immunomodulator and the immune cell system.This interaction stimulates or inhibits the release of a messenger biological possessing immunomodulatory activity [8,9]. The mode of action of many immunomodulatory compounds is not fully elucidated, but generally their main target cells in the immune system are lymphocytes T and B cells, monocytes/macrophages, granulocytes and NK cells [9].…”

Section: Use Of Traditional Antimicrobial Therapy With Innate Immunitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approach to Optimise the Treatment of Bacterial Infections: Combined Antimicrobial Therapy with Enhancers of Innate Immunity

SF¹

2012

Clin Exp Pharmacol

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“…Glucans and mannans are already proposed as potential immunomodulatory agents for prophylaxis and therapy of infections in human (Masihi, 2000) and in farm animals including pigs Kogan and Kocher, 2007). Numerous commercial preparations derived from yeast cell walls, particularly rich in glucans and mannans, are available as in-feed supplements for pigs (Table 3).…”

Section: Natural Alternatives To In-feed Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural alternatives to in-feed antibiotics in pig production: can immunomodulators play a role?

Gallois¹,

Rothkötter

Bailey

et al. 2009

Animal

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As a result of the European ban of in-feed growth-promoting antibiotics, new strategies are being developed to increase the resistance to disease in farm animals. In pig production, this is of particular importance during the weaning transition when piglets are subjected to major stressful events, making them highly sensitive to digestive disorders. At this time, the development of both innate and adaptive immunity at the mucosal surface is critical in preventing the potential harmful effects of intestinal pathogenic agents. Strategies aiming at stimulating natural host defences through the use of substances able to modulate immune functions have gained increasing interest in animal research, and different bioactive components a priori sharing those properties have been the subject of in vivo nutritional investigations in pig. Among these, yeast derivates (b-glucans and mannans) are able to interact with immune cells, particularly phagocytic cells. However, studies where they have been fed to pigs have shown inconsistent results, suggesting that their ability to target the sensitive immune cells through the oral route is questionable. The plant extracts, which would benefit from a positive image in the public opinion, have also been tested. However, due to a lack of data on the bioactive components of particular plants and the large diversity of species, it has proved difficult to prepare extracts of equivalent potency and thus, the literature on their influence on pig immunity remains inconclusive. In considering piglet immunity and health benefits, the most promising results to date have been obtained with spray-dried animal plasma, whose positive effects would be provided by specific antibodies and nonspecific competition of some plasma components with bacteria for intestinal receptors. The major positive effect of spray-dried animal plasma is in reducing the infiltration of gut-associated lymphoid tissue by immune cells, which is likely to be the result of a decreased colonisation by potentially harmful bacteria. This review also highlights the limitations of some of the published in vivo studies on the immunomodulatory activity of certain feed additives. Among those, the lack of standardisation of extracts and the heterogeneity of piglet-rearing conditions (e.g. exposure to pathogens) are likely the most limiting.

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Immunomodulatory agents for prophylaxis and therapy of infections

Cited by 70 publications

References 70 publications

Intranasal treatment with a novel immunomodulator mediates innate immune protection against lethal pneumonia virus of mice

Intranasal treatment with a novel immunomodulator mediates innate immune protection against lethal pneumonia virus of mice

Approach to Optimise the Treatment of Bacterial Infections: Combined Antimicrobial Therapy with Enhancers of Innate Immunity

Natural alternatives to in-feed antibiotics in pig production: can immunomodulators play a role?

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