Immunomodulatory and Antitumoral Activity of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized by Red Algae Aqueous Extracts

Abstract

This study reports on the green and cost-efficient synthesis of gold nanoparticles from three different red algae extracts. The nanoparticles synthesized were fully characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, HRTEM, and Z-potential. Relevant components occurring in the extracts, such as polysaccharides or phenolic content, were assessed by analytical techniques such as spectrophotometric assays and liquid chromatography. Finally, the antioxidant, antitumoral, and anti-inflammatory potential of both the extracts and the gold nanoparticles synthesized were analyzed in order to determine a possible synergistic effect on the nanoparticles. The results obtained confirmed the obtainment of gold nanoparticles with significant potential as immunotherapeutic agents. The therapeutic potential of these nanoparticles could be higher than that of inert gold nanoparticles loaded with bioactive molecules since the former would allow for higher accumulation into the targeted tissue.

Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized by an Aqueous Extract of Codium tomentosum as Potential Antitumoral Enhancers of Gemcitabine

“…In the case of the DPPH, the increase observed in the EC 50 value also indicates a decrease in the radical scavenging activity of the extract after the synthesis of Au@CT. Similar results were appreciated in a previous study on the synthesis of AuNPs led by red algae species, where a significant decrease in the reducing power, TPC, and DPPH scavenging activity was noted in the particles synthesized by Chondrus crispus and Gelidium corneum [21].…”

“…Moreover, a similar antiproliferative effect, mediated by tumor cell apoptosis, was observed for AuNPs synthesized by aqueous extracts obtained from the red seaweeds Chondrus crispus , Gelidium corneum , and Porphyra linearis together with carrageenan extracted from Mastocarpus stellatus in a monocytic cell line. However, no effect was observed in a lung epithelial cell line (A549) using equivalent concentrations to the ones used for Au@CT [ 21 , 55 ].…”

“…In this work, which continues our research line on the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles led by natural extracts [ 21 , 22 ], an aqueous extract of the green seaweed Codium tomentosum Stackhouse (CT) was used to synthesize gold nanoparticles (Au@CT). CT is a green macroalgae native to the North-East Atlantic Ocean, found on exposed shores in deep rock pools, and in the lower intertidal and subtidal zone.…”

Valorisation of the Invasive Macroalgae Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar for the Green Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles with Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential

“…For the extract preparation, the protocol previously reported with other seaweeds was followed [40,62]. Briefly, when needed, the macroalgae were defrosted and rinsed with water to remove possible contaminations, and excess water was removed, extending the fronds on blotting paper.…”

A Metal-Containing NP Approach to Treat Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): Prospects and Challenges

“…These methods have shown to be viable alternatives to chemical NPs synthesis [ 66 ]. Over the last two decades, an exponential growth in publications utilising these methods has been observed, indicating the feasibility and safety of these methods [ 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 ].…”